[unit4]Unit4 Earthquakes-vocabulary&Expressions学案

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unit4 earthquakes-vocabulary&expressions学案i．important words:1、burst  vi.  爆裂  (   burst , burst   )          n. 突然爆裂，爆发  eg: water-pipes often burst in cold weather .水管在寒冷的天气里经常冻裂。﹝搭配﹞① burst into + n. = burst out doing sth. 突然···起来            burst into  laughter   = burst out laughing 放声大笑      burst into  tears    =burst out crying 放声大哭② burst into \ break into the room 破门而入﹝即学即练﹞ the police   a   the room and caught the murder.  a. burst into        b. entered into     c. looked into      d. shouted at③ a burst of anger 一阵发怒2、ruin （1）n. 废墟，毁灭eg: we saw the ruins of the church  .   我们看见了这座教堂的废墟。（2）vt. 毁灭，使破产﹝搭配﹞① be \lie in ruins 破败不堪eg:  the building is in ruins.    那座建筑物已成断壁残垣。② fall into ruins 成为废墟﹝辨析﹞ ruin \ destroy \ damage ruin 指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，也可以指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。destroy 指彻底毁坏，不能修复。damage 指局部损坏，但可以修复。填空：（1）the building was completely destroyed  by fire.（2）his car hit a tree by the roadside and was damaged  . so he had to have it repaired.（3）my new shoes get  ruined  in the mud.3、injure  vt.  损害，伤害 eg:①  smoking will injure your health.      吸烟会损害你的健康。  ② he get injured in a traffic accident last year.     去年他在一次交通事故中受了伤。﹝辨析﹞ injure, hurt, woundinjure 常指偶然事故对人造成的“损害”。hurt v.受伤，伤害。常用于口语，主要指肉体或感情上所受到的伤害，也含有“疼痛（vi.）”的意思。wound vt. 伤，伤害。& n.伤，伤口。指外伤，如刀伤、枪伤、剑伤，尤指在战争中、战斗中受伤。填空：① he got  wounded   in the war.② he didn’t want to     hurt    her feelings.③ yesterday my leg   hurt   .④ tom fell down from the tree and  injured/hurt  his legs.4、shock  v.  (使)震惊，震动          u n. 休克，打击，震惊                                     c n. 令人震惊的事123﹝派生词﹞   shocked   adj. 震惊的             shocking   adj. 令人震惊的﹝搭配﹞① be shocked at (doing) sth. 对（做）某事感到震惊        ② be shocked to do sth. 惧怕做某事eg: ① the child’s bad language  shocked everyone  （使大家都感到震惊）。②  he was shocked at her smoking.   他对她的抽烟感到震惊。③ the news of his wife’s death was a great shock  to him.（一个沉重的打击）④  all of the people present  felt shocked  at the shocking  news. 所有在场的人们对这个令人震惊的消息感到震惊。5、judge  n.裁判员，法官    vt.  断定，判断，判决eg:  you can’t judge a person by his appearance.   你不能以貌取人。﹝搭配﹞ ① judge sb.\ sth. (to be) + n.\ adj. 判决···，判断···         ② judging from 根据···来判断eg: ① the court judged him guilty .       法庭判据他有罪。② i judge it better to tell her.   我认为最好告诉他。  ③ judging from his looks, he is a kind man.   根据他的相貌来判断，他是一个好人。ⅱ、important phrases:1、as if = as though 好像，似乎（1）如果as if 从句表示的事情可能是真实的，通常使用陈述语气。eg: ① it looks as if it is going to rain.       天似乎要下雨了。② it sounds as if  somebody is knocking at the door.    听起来好像有人在敲门。（2）如果as if 从句表示的内容与事实相反或是一种假想，通常使用虚拟语气。a.从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。b.从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用had done.c.从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用would\ could\ might + 动词原形。eg:①(95年全国) when a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it  c  .     a. breaks              b. has broken     c. were broken         d. had been broken   ② she talked about the film as if  she had really seen it.      她谈论那部影片，就好像她确实看过一样。③ she learns english so hard as if she would go to the u.s.a.    她学英语如此努力好像她要去美国似的。（3）as if 后面可直接加doing\ to do\ adj.eg:① she stood at the door as if waiting for someone.       她站在门口好像在等某人。    ② he opened his mouth as if to say something. 123     他张开口，好像要说话似的。   ③ she left the room as if angry.     她离开了房间，好像很生气。2、at an end 结束，终结（常作表语）eg: the war was finally at an end.   战争终于结束了。﹝拓展﹞    at the end of 在···尽头，在···末尾            by the end of 到···为止            in the end 最后，终于            make ends meet 收支相抵            come to an end 结束3、a (great) number of 许多，大量的 （后跟可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数）eg: a number of students were against the plan.    许多学生反对这个计划。﹝拓展﹞① many, a great\ good many, hundreds of, thousands of, millions of, (quite) a few + 可数名词复数        ② much, a great deal of, (quite) a little + 不可数名词        ③ plenty of, a lot of, lots of + 可数名词复数\不可数名词﹝巩固运用﹞ the number of people invited   b      50, but a number of them      .             absent.           a. was; was       b. was; were           c. were; was      d. were; were123

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