module4|Module4NewTechnology教案
【jiaoan.jxxyjl.com--八年级英语教案】
module 4 new technology教案一. 教学内容:
module 4 new technology
二. 重点内容:
if 引导的条件状语从句
三. 具体内容:
(一)语法知识
if引导条件状语从句。
在含有条件状语从句的主从复合句中,当主句谓语动词以某种形式表示将来时间概念时,条件状语从句中的谓语动词通常要用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
此句中主句为用祈使句表将来,if引导的状语从句用一般现在时。
if you see him , give him this letter .
如果你见到他的话,把这封信给他。
(二)知识拓展:
引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if,由if引导的条件状语从句表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。如:
if you ask him,he will help you .
如果你请他帮忙,他会帮你的。
if you fail in the exam , you will let him down .
如果你考试不及格,你会让他失望的。
另外,if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件,也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设,从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时。如:
if i were you , i would invite him to the party .
如果我是你,我会邀请他参加聚会。
i would have arrived much earlier if i had not been caught in the traffic .
如果没有堵车,我会到的早一点儿。
那么,除了if之外,是否还有其他连词也可以引导条件状语从句呢?回答是肯定的,不仅有,还有很多。这些词由于出现的频率较小,且用法较复杂一些,所以不为大家所熟知罢了。
下面就这些词的用法以例句的形式进行一下简单总结。
(1)unless conj . 除非,若不,除非在……的时候
you will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier .
如果你不早点动身,你就不能及时赶到那儿。
unless it rains , the game will be played .
除非下雨,比赛将照常进行。
(2)on condition(that)… 在……条件下,如果
on condition(that)… 引导的条件状语从句是主句事件发生的前提条件或唯一条件。
i can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep a secret .
我可以告诉你真相,条件是你答应保守秘密。
you can go swimming on condition(that)you don’t go too far from the river bank .
你只有在不远离河岸的条件下才可以下水游泳。
(3)supposing conj . 如果,假如
supposing引导的条件从句表示一种假设条件。
supposing it rains , shall we continue the sports meeting ?
倘若下雨,我们的运动会还要继续举行吗?
supposing something should go wrong,what would you do then?
假如出了什么问题,你准备怎么对付?
(4)provided conj . 假如,除非,以……为条件
provided(that)+从句表示一种假设条件。
he will sign the contract provided we offer more favorable terms .
如果我们提出更优惠的条件,他就会在合同上签字。
he won’t be against us in the meeting provided that we ask for his advice in advance .
如果我们提前征求一下他的意见,他就不会在会上反对我们。
从上述例句可以看出if,unless,on condition(that),supposing,provided等词引导的条件状语从句,主从句条件关系分明,结构清晰。但有些句子,虽没有含条件关系的连词,却也隐含着条件关系,这些句子常用一些词,如but for,without等引出一个介词结构来表示条件,条件常常是虚拟的,或与事实相反的假设。如:1234
but for若非,要不是
but for the rain , we should have , a pleasant journey .
要不是下雨,我们的旅行肯定会很愉快。
but for your help , we should not have finished in time .
要不是你帮忙,我们肯定不能及时完成任务。
四. 课文知识点详解
1. he lent me his cd recorder.
他把他的cd机借给了我。
lend将某物借给某人
(1)主语+lend+人+物
i lent a friend a pen .
(2)主语+lend+物+to+人
i lent money to a friend .
borrow 向某人借某物 主语+borrow+物+from+人
i borrowed a book from my teacher .
2. if you want to send your recording by email , connect the recorder to your computer .
如果你想通过电子邮件的方式发送你的录音,你要把录音连接到电脑上。
want的用法;
want 表示“想要”
① want+名词“想要某物”
② want to do sth …“想要干某事”
③ want sb. to do sth. “想要某人干某事”
例如:
i want a bottle of juice .
she wants to go to a movie .
i want you to go with me .
3. if you want to choose another program , press the key .
如果你想选择另一个节目,按这个键。
another表示泛指,又一,再一,另一,强调的是单数,跟单数名词连用。
例如:can you give me another one?
(一)知识拓展:
other,another,others的辨析:
other其它的,泛指,other+复数名词,指其他的人或物
others表示泛指,相当于other+复数名词,指其他的人或物/其他的,另外的人或者事,它一般跟some连用。the other表示特指,有限定的范围,与单数名词连用,指两者中的另一个。
例如:hold the bottle and pull the cork out with the other hand(握住瓶子,另一只手把瓶塞拔开);the others表示特指,相当于the other+名词复数,指其余的,剩下的(人或者事)
例如:
the other students in my class are from italy . 我们班其余的同学都是意大利人。
one … the other 一共两个,一个……另一个……
some … others一些……其余……
one … another不只是两个,一般指两个事物以上的一个……另一个……
4. i went to try to pick it up and it bit me again .
我试图过去把它拣起来时它又咬到了我。
try doing sth & try to do sth
(1)这两个短语动词的区别主要取决于try这个动词的意义:作“试验”或“尝试”讲,要跟动名词短语;作“企图”或“想要”讲,则要跟不定式短语。
比较:why don’t you try hiring a car?
你为什么不试试租用一辆汽车呢?(要是你不想另买一辆的话。)
why don’t you try to hire a car?
你为什么不想办法租用一辆汽车呢?(要是你一时买不到新车的话。)
(2)遇到疑问和条件两种结构,则要用动名词短语,不用不定式短语。
例如:
have you ever tried buying things yourself ? 你有没有自己买过东西 ?
try wearing this one if you don’t like to wear that one .1234
不喜欢穿那一件,那你就穿这一件吧。
5. i threw it across the kitchen , and it landed in the fridge .
我沿着厨房向外扔,它落进了冰箱里。
across、over、through
在英语考题中,经常出现单词“across”,“over”和“through”,它们都有“穿过”的意思,但其用法有如下区别:
“across”介词,意为“横过”,常指从这边到另一边,即:“from this side to the other”,图形好像“十”字。
例如:
they often go to school across the street .
“over”既可用作介词又可用作副词,意为“越过、翻越过去”。
例如:
after they climbed over the hill , they found many flowers in the fields .
“through”介词,意为“从中间穿过”。
例如:the deer is going through the forest .
6. doctors couldn’t say what was wrong because they didn’t know what kind of snake it was .
医生们因为不知道那是哪一种类的蛇而不能说出他到底有什么病。
what was wrong 与 what kind of snake it was均为what引导的宾语从句。宾语从句中,语序为陈述语序。
7. if the snake doesn’t smile for its photo , don’t worry !
不要担心给蛇拍照时它没有笑。
if引导的条件句,当主句谓语动词以某种形式表示将来时间概念时,条件状语从句中的谓语动词通常要用一般现在时代替一般将来时。否定情况亦符合。
8. what kind of food do you advise people to eat because it’s good for them?
你建议人们吃哪些对人体有益的食品?
advise sb. to do sth建议某人做某事,不定式作补语。advise等一些动词后面接不定式作补语。
动词+宾语+不定式(to do)
advise warn
advise 普通用词,泛指劝告,不涉及对方是否听从劝告。
warn主要指针对有潜在危险而提出的警告,尤指小心从事的意味。
warn sb. not to do
知识拓展:
动词+宾语+不定式(to do)
advise allow appoint believe cause challenge command
compel consider declare drive enable encourage find
forbid force guess hire imagine impel induce
inform instruct invite judge know like order
permit persuade remind report request require select
send state suppose tell think train trust1234
understand urge warn
9. when l got home , i found out that the plant was very dangerous .
我到家时才发现这株植物非常危险。
find out 表示“找出原因、查明真相”等意思,常接宾语或宾语从句。
例如:
i have found out that they had settled the problem .
知识拓展:
find,find out,look for
find强调“找”的结果,即“找”到还是没“找”到。如:
i look for my book everywhere,but i can’t find it . 我到处找我的书,但没找到。
find out表示“查出,努力查找”。往往是指通过努力去查明事情的真相或查找答案等。
如:
the teacher tries to find out who is not in the classroom . 老师试着查出谁没在教室。
look for强调“找”的动作和过程。如:
i’m looking for my book. 我正在找我的书。1234
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