2020黄冈中考错题|2020中考英语考前错题本（H字母篇）

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XX中考英语考前错题本 （h字母篇）
had better 
　　［误］ you have better hurry.
　　［正］ you had better hurry.
　　［析］ had better只用过去时had，不要误用成现在时have。
　　［误］ you hadn"t better worry.
　　［正］ you had better not worry.
　　［析］ had better后面加不带to的不定式，其否定式是"had better not+动词原形"。[来源:zxxk.com]
　　half 
　　［误］ i had driven about half mile.
　　［正］ i had driven about half a mile.
　　［析］ "半小时"有两种讲法half an hour, a half hour. 而"一个半小时"应讲an hour and a half或one and a half hours."半天"应讲half a day，"半镑"应讲half a pound.但要尽量避免使用half a year，而应用six months；不用half a month, 而 用two weeks或fifteen days.
　　［误］ h alf us could go to the park.
　　［正］ half of us could go to the park.
　　［析］ half用于名词前可用of结构也可不用of结构，但用于代词前则必须加of。如：more than half (of) my classmates are boys.
　　［误］ one and half apples are left on the table.
　　［正］ one and half apples is left on the table.
　　［析］ 一个半one and half后面的名词要用复数，而句中的谓语动词却要用单数。
　　［误］ half of the work are done.
　　［正］ half of the work is done.
　　［误］ half of the six apples is red.
　　［正］ half of the six apples are red.
　　［析］ "half of+名词"这一结构后面的谓语动词应与of后面的名词相一致，如为不可数名词或可数名词单数，要用单数谓语动词；而复数名词后面要加与复数相对应的谓语动词。
　　hand 
　　［误］ he shook hand with his teacher.
　　［正］ he shook hands with his teacher.
　　［析］ 与某人握手要用shake hands. 与hand有关的词组中有很多要用复数形式，如：change hands (转手、易手)，in the hands of (由……控制)，join hands (与人合作)。
　　happen 
　　［误］ what was happened to you last month?
　　［正］ what happened to you last month?
　　［误］ an accident was happened in this street last night.
　　［正］ an accident happened in this street last night.
　　［析］ 在英语中不及物动词没有被动态，作为"发生"讲的happen，take place和break out都不具有被动态。happen to常用来表达一件偶然发生的事，如：if you happen to meet my sister please ask her to call me.
　　hard 
　　［误］ i have to study hardly.
　　［正］ i have to study hard.
　　［析］ hard是形容词，如：a hard work，但它同时也是副词。hardly是hard的又一副词形式，但词意截然不同，意为"几乎不"。
　　［误］ i had my leg broken last term， so i couldn"t hardly study at all.
　　［正］ i had my leg broken last term so i hardly studied at all.
　　［析］ hardly意为"否定"，所以不要再加否定词语了，如果hardly用于句首则应采用倒装语序，如：hardly had he arrived when she started complaining.1234
　　have 
　　［误］ i had my boy do  his homework from morning till noon.
　　［正］ i had my boy doing his homework from morning till noon.
　　［析］ 用have somebody do something还是doing something要取决句子的意思和句中的时间状语。
　　［误］ i have my bike to repair.
　　［正］ i have my bike repaired.
　　［析］ have something done这一句型是让某事被别人去作，请看下面两句意义的不同：i have repaired my bike. (我自己已修好了自行车。)而i have my bike repaired.(我把车推出去让别 人修理了。)
　　［误］ could you give me some money if you have.
　　［正］ could you give me some money if you have any.
　　［析］ "如果你有的话"一句译为英文应加上any一词，如：i want some books if there is any.
　　headache 
　　［误］ i"ve got headache.
　　［正］ i"ve got a headache.
　　［析］ headache是一个规则的可数名词，所以可以讲：my mother often gets headaches. 但是"牙痛"toothache，"肚子痛"stomacheache等却都可以用作不可数名词，如：i"ve got toothache. 但也可用作可数名词。
　　hear 
　　［误］ he was heard sing in the next room.
　　［正］ he was heard to sing in the next room.
　　［析］ hear somebody do something这一句式用于被动语态时要把原来省略的不定式to还原回来。而在hear somebody doing something这一句式中则不会出现上述问题。如，主动态：i heard her singing in the next room. 变为被动态时为：she was  heard singing in the next room. 这种用法还适用于see, look, observe, watch, notice, listen to等。
　　hear listen to 
　　hear一词为听见了什么，或听到什么，强调其结果；而listen to则强调 有意要听，听的倾向。如：i want t o listen to you, but i hear nothing.
　　但词组hear about (of)则为"听说过"之意，如：i heard about this. (我听说过此事。)而hear from则为"收到某人信件"之意：i often hear from my girl friend.
　　help 
　　［误］ please help my homework.
　　［正］ please help me do my homework.
　　［正］ please help me with my homework.
　　［析］ help其句型是help somebody do (to do) something. 意为"帮某人作某事"，但在较古老的语法中不带to的不定式表示句子的主语参加这个动作，如：he help his mother cook the meal. 即"他和母亲一起作饭。"而he help me to do my homework. 则是"他指导我做作业"。但在现代英语中这个区别则往往被取消了。所以带to与不带to的不定式在句中意思相同，并无区别。
　　［误］ when i read the play i c an"t help to think of my childhood.
　　［正］ when i read the play i can"t help thinking of my childhood.
　　［析］ can"t help doing something是"身不由己，情不自禁做某事"。
　　［误］ help yourself with some cakes.
　　［正］ help yourself to some cakes.1234
　　［析］ 中文中讲"你自己拿蛋糕吃"，英文中要用help somebody to something.
　　here 
　　［误］ here the bus comes!
　　［正］ here comes the bus!
　　［析］ 副词在句首时一 般要用倒装语序，即谓语动词的位置前移。但是，若主语如是人称代词，则还是要用正常语序，如：here we are!
　　high 
　　［误］ he is very high.
　　［正］ he is very tall.
　　［析］ 英语中的两个"高"high和tall，其中tall指人指物都是可以的，但high则只指物体的高，所以可以讲this building is the highest building in the city.但tall一般不用来指山脉的高低。
　　hit 
　　［误］ the mother got angry and hit the boy.
　　［正］ the mother got angry and beat the boy.
　　［析］ hit指打到某物之上，一般指一次性打击，如he hit his head against the wall.(他把头撞到了墙上。)而beat则指多次性的打击。
　　home 
　　［误］ i"m tired. it"s time i went to home.
　　［正］ i"m tired. it"s time i went home.
　　［析］ home此处用作副词，所以不应加to，又如：i arrived home at eleven thirty yesterday evening.而at home除了"在家"之意外，还有像"在家里一样"之意。如make yourself at home.(不要拘束就像在家一样。)
　　home house family 
　　home是指与亲人一起居住的地方，可以讲a letter from home，所以有人解释home包括住处和家人。而house的侧重点则在建筑物，如many new houses were built this year. family一词，作为整体讲其谓语动词用单 数，如：her family is a happy one.而作为家庭成员讲时要用复数谓语动词，如：my family are all like swimming.
　　homgwork 
　　［误］ i have so many homework to do today.
　　［正］ i have so much homework go do today.
　　［析］ homework为不可数名词。同样的词还有work(work作为"著作"、"作品"、"工厂"讲时为可数名词)，fun，health information等。
　　hope 
　　［误］ i hope you to be a good student.
　　［正］ i hope you will be a good student.
　　［析］ hope一词不能接宾语再加上宾语补足语，但它可以接不定式作宾语，如：i hope to be a scientist.而wish却可以接宾语加宾语补足语，如：i wish you to be a good student.
　　［误］ i don"t hope you will go to the park tomorrow.
　　［正］ i hope you won"t go to the park tomorrow.
　　［析］ hope 和think在否定句中的用法不同，如"我认为你错了"。应译为：i don"t think you are right.即否定在前。而hope则不能这样用。又如在答语中"我不这样认为"应译为i don"t think so.或i hope not. 
　　［误］ i hope your help.
　　［正］ i hope for your help.
　　［析］ hope for为"期望某事发生"，虽然hope是及物动词，但表达期望某事情发生要用"hope for+名词"这一结构。
　　［误］ i was hopeful to pass the exam.
　　［正］ i was hopeful of passing the exam.
　　［析］ 对某事存有希望应用"hopeful of (about)+介词宾语"这一结构。1234
　　hospital 
　　［误］ my mother was in the hospital for two weeks.
　　［正］ my mother was in hospital for two weeks.
　　［析］ in hospital为"住院就医"。而in (at) th e hospital 为"在医院(工作)"。如：he is a doctor in (at) the hospital.类似的用法还有很多，如："上学"为go to school，at school为"在校就读"，go to  bed为"上床睡觉"。
　　how 
　　［误］ i want to know how to do.
　　［正］ i want to know how to do it.
　　［析］ how 是关联副词，要注意与关联代词的不同用法。如：i want to know what to do.
　　［误］ how do you think about it?
　　［正］ what do you think about i t?
　　［析］ 英文中表达你对某事的看法如何应用what do you think  about…这一句式。
　　hurry 
　　［误］ let"s hurry. there is a little time left.
　　［正］ let"s hurry. there is little time left.
　　［误］ don"t worry. there is little time left.
　　［正］ don"t worry. there is a little time left.
　　［析］ 请注意英语中的惯用法："快点吧，没时间了"，或"别着急还有一点时间。"
　　［误］ the car is hurrying through the street.
　　［正］ the car is rushing throught the street.
　　［析］ hurry一词只用于人而不用于物体。
　　hundred 
　　［误］ there are two hundreds people here.
　　［正］ there are two hundred people here.
　　［误］ there are hundred of people here.
　　［正］ there are hundreds of people here.
　　［析］ hundred一词前如有数字时不论多少其后都不加s，这和thousand(千)等数量词的用法一样，而hundreds of是数百的，这一词组一定要加s.
　　hurt 
　　［误］ i don"t want to wound her feelings.
　　［正］ i don"t want to hurt her feelings.
　　［析］ wound是指战场上的刀枪伤(名词)，或用刀枪"伤害"、"打伤"(动词)。

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