【生字认读中学生常见错误】中学生英语学习常见错误一览表1

九年级英语教案 2016-04-20 网络整理 晴天

【jiaoan.jxxyjl.com--九年级英语教案】

中学生英语学习常见错误一览表
a
a 
[误] i think it is an useful english dictionary.
[正] i think it is a useful english dictionary.
[析] 在不定冠词a与an的用法中要注意的一点是:an用在以元音开头的词之前;而a则用在以辅音开头的词之前。要特别注意的是以u字母打头的单词,如useful,university等,其第一个音标是[j],所以要特别予以注意。
[误] i need a hour to finish this letter.
[正] i need an hour to finish this letter.
[析] 要注意hour和honest的第一个字母不发音。
[误] my teacher is a unknown man, but he is a very good man.
[正] my teacher is an unknown man, but he is a very good man.
[析] 要注意以u打头的单词,它的发音为[]时,单数名词前要用an,如uncle等。
[误] there is a "f" in the word "football".
[正] there is an "f" in the word "football".
[析] 英文字母单独使用时,如其第一个发音是元音时,其前面的不定冠词应该用an而不是a.
[误] i have a little brother. he is a 8yearold boy.
[正] i have a little brother. he is an 8yearold boy.
[析] 要注意这些字母的第一个发音为元音,如eight, eleven等。

able 
[误] this bike is able to be repaired.
[正] this bike can be repaired.
[析] be able to 主要表达某事或某人具有某种能力去作某事,应译为"有本领"、"有能力"、"可以"作某事,如:i"m able to swim across this river. 而can可以用来表示具有接受能力或吸收能力。如:this radio can be repaired here.
about 
[误] this class is about to begin just now.
[正] this class is about to begin.
[析] 要注意be about to 是"将要"的意思,含有将来时之意,不要与表示过去时的时间状语连用。另外,be about to 一般用作书面语,对应的口语是be going to.

about on 
about与on都可以作"关于"讲,但却有所不同,例如:this book is about physics. 应译为"这是一本关于物理学的科普读物。"而:this book is on physics.则应译为"这是一本物理学方面的专著。"
above 
[误] the temperature is five degrees over zero.
[正] the temperature is five degrees above zero.
[析] 表达"在……上方"时,above与over是可以互换的,如:the sky is above(or over)our heads. 但是要表达在垂直方向上的上方时则应用above不可用over,如:the sun has risen above the horizon.
[误] there is often thick cloud above the south of china in summer.
[正] there is often thick cloud over the south of china in summer.
[析] 当表达覆盖之意时,只可用over而不能用above.
[误] there is a bridge above the river.
[正] there is a bridge over the river.
[析] 用来表达"从……上方越过"时不能用above只能用over,如:the plane flew over the city. 但要注意there is waterfall above the bridge. 则应译为"在桥的上游有一个瀑布。"
across 123456
[误] he ran across the wood.
[正] he ran through the wood.
[析] across是指某一动作在一平面内进行,而through则是指该动作在一三维立体空间的运动过程。如:the man came in through the window. he walked across the square.
across 
across的主要用法有两个。其一,意为"对面",如:there is a school just across the street. 其二,意为"横过",如:he walked across the street.
afraid 
[误] i dont"t afraid of him.
[正] i am not afraid of him.
[析] 要注意"害怕"afraid一词在英语中不是动词,而是形容词,要与be动词连用。
after 
[误] two weeks after he left.
[正] two weeks later he left.
[正] he left after two weeks.
[析] 要表达"在多少时间之后",英语中有两种表达法,即:用later时,要时间在前,如three hours later; 而用after时要时间在后,如after three hours.
[误] my father will be back after a few hours.
[正] my father will be back in a few hours.
[析] 受中文的影响,这个介词常常被误用。当你要表达在一段时间内某个动作可以完成时,一定要用in,而不能用after,因为after是指在某一时间之后。例如:this work will be done in two days. 即表明在两天内这一工作一定会做完。而如用了after,即表示在两天之后,完成的时间是不确定的。
after behind 
after多用于表示顺序的前后,如:she walked in the line after tom. 或用来表示"追赶",表示一种动态,如:he ran after mary. 而behind多用于强调先进与落后,如:she is much behind the other girls in sewing. 或者用于表达"迟于",如:the train was ten minutes behind the time table. 或者与表示静态的动词连用,如:she hid herself behind the flowers.
afternoon 
[误] he worked very hard in a hot afternoon.
[正] he worked very hard on a hot afternoon.
[析] 习惯用的词组in the afternoon, 如果加入任何修饰词后其前面的介词in都要改为on,不论其修饰词在前还是在后,如:he swam in this river on the afternoon of june lst. 又如:are you free on sunday afternoon?
against 
[误] he against me.
[正] he is against me.
[析] 要注意against意为"反对",但它在英文中却不是动词,而是介词,如要讲反对某事或某人时则要加动词be, 如:he is against somebody/something.
against for 
against意为"反对"、"不赞成";而for则意为"同意",为其反意词。如:are you for or against the plan?
age 
[误] he is twenty years old of age.
[正] he is twenty.
[正] he is twenty years old.
[正] he is at the age of twenty.
ago 
[误] tom"s father has been dead five years ago.
[正] tom"s father died five years ago.
[析] ago意为由说话时算起,若干时间以前。它只能和一般动词过去时连用,而不要与完成时连用。
[误] yesterday i met a friend. we didn"t see each other for a long time since we left the college twenty years ago.123456
[正] yesterday i met a friend. we hadn"t seen each other for a long time since we left the college twenty years ago.
[析] 要注意的是在本句是ago是用在由since引起的从句之中,只是从句应用过去时,但不影响主句的时态。
agree 
[误] does the teacher agree to us?
[正] does the teacher agree with us?
[误] does he agree with our plan?
[正] does he agree with us?
[析] agree with 指"同意某人的提议、建议、计划"等。如果要讲同意某项计划则要用agree to, 如:do you agree to the plan?
all 
[误] the old man has two sons. all of them are workers.
[正] the old man has two sons. both of them are workers.
[析] all是指三者或以上的全部,而both则是指"两者都"。
[误] the all children are playing football now.
[正] all the children are playing football now.
[析] all作修饰词时其位置要在所有的修饰词之前,不论这些修饰词是定冠词、指示代词、形容词或名词,或代词的所有格。
[误] you all are right.
[正] you are all right.
[析] all作同位语时其位置要置于be动词之后,实意动词之前,如:the teachers all work hard. 或用于第一助动词之后,如:the boys have all been waiting for their mothers.
almost 
[误] nearly nobody thinks he is right.
[正] almost nobody thinks he is right.
[析] nearly与almost是近意词,其含意差别不大,但是与否定词连用时要用almost, 例如:she brought almost no money with her. 此句中的almost不能用nearly替换。
alone 
[误] the old man lived lone but he didn"t feel lonely.
[正] the old man lived alone, but he didn"t feel lonely.
[析] alone, lone, lonely 三个词全具有"孤单、孤独"之意。但其用法不同:lone可以作定语,而alone则只能作表语,lonely则多指感情上与感觉上的孤独。
already 
[误] we are already for the work.
[正] we are all ready for the work.
[析] already 是副词,其意为"已经",如:he already knew about it. 而all ready为形容词意为"准备好"。
already yet 
already多用于肯定句中,例如:the students have already finished the work. 而yet则多用于疑问句与否定句中,如:have you finished it yet? i haven"t finished it yet.
also 
[误] i didn"t find the dictionary also.
[正] i didn"t find the dictionary either.
[析] 作为"也"讲,在否定句中要用either而不能用also.
also too 
also与too都可用在肯定句中表示"也",但also通常用于be动词或情态动词之后,如:i can also do it myself. 而too一般放于句尾。i"ll attend his class, too.
always 
[误] always he asked himself why he had come here.
[正] he always asked himself why he had come here.
[析] always一般不能用于句首,它在一般句中的位置是于动词之前第一助动词之后,如:i"ve always thought he is honest. 又如:he is always late.123456
among 
[误] if the three apples are divided among the two boys how much will each receive?
[正] if the three apples are divided among the three boys how much will each receive?
[析] among常用于三个事物或人物之间,而between则多用于两者之间。
an 
[误] this is an useful dictionary.
[正] this is a useful dictionary.
[析] 详见a条。
and 
[误] he did not speak loudly and clearly.
[正] he did not speak loudly nor clearly.
[误] our school is not in new york and chicago, but in boston.
[正] our school is not in new york or chicago, but in boston.
[析] "和"这一概念在肯定句中应用and,但在否定句中则要用or
angry 
[误] my mother was angry to me.
[正] my mother was angry with me.
[误] he was angry with what i said.
[正] he was angry at what i said.
[析] 要注意be angry后面如果接人,表示"对某人生气不满"时应用be angry with somebody. 但要接事物时要用be angry at something.
another 
[误] i have two sisters, one in america and another in english.
[正] i have two sisters, one in america and the other in english.
[析] 要注意英语中another, other, the other, the others, others的不同用法,现分别说明如下:another作形容词其意为:泛指的另一个或再一个,别的,类似的。一般在句中作定语,如: this is not good enough, please show me another one. another还可以作为代词用,如:one student said:"i want to play baskball."another said:"i want to play football."other作形容词其意为"泛指其余的,别的"。如:i have other books besides these. 又如:ask some other people please. the other则为特指,作形容词时其后面可接单数或复数名词,如:she has two flowers. one is white, the other one is yellow. (特指,单数)又如:there are fifty students in our class, twenty five are boys, the other students are girls. (特指,复数)但当the other作为代词时,它代表的可以是单数,也可以是复数,如:he has a book in one hand, and a pen in the other. (单数)又如:there are some people in the room. four are girls, the other(复数)are boys. 要注意的是当the other作主语时,其后面的谓语动词要视具体情况而定,它可能是单数,也可能是复数。others则只能作代词,其意为other ones即为:泛指某些,某一部分人或物,如:each of us must think of others. 而the others只能作为代词,它是特指某一些人或物,如:i know only one or two of the students; the others are unknown to me.

answer 
[误] someone is knocking at the door. please reply the door bell.
[正] someone is knocking at the door, please answer the door bell.
[析] answer与reply是近意词,作为及物动词用时有时二者是可以互换的,如:the student answered/replied that he wanted to watch tv. 但在某些特定场合则不易互换。作为应答之意时则多用answer,如:you should answer to your name. please answer my letter as soon as possible. answer my question in english.123456
any 
[误] do you have some questions?
[正] do you have any questions?
[析] some一般要用于肯定句,而any则用于否定句或疑问句。
[误] china is larger than any other countries in asia.
[正] china is larger than any other country in asia.
[析] 要注意any other 其后要跟单数名词,但any of the other 其后要接复数名词。china is larger than any of the other countries in asia.
[误] here are some books; you can choose anyone of these.
[正] here are some books; you can choose any one of these.
[析] anyone只能指人,而any one即可指人 也可以指物。
around 
[误] the nine planets go around of the sun.
[正] the nine planets go around the sun.
[析] around后面不要再加介词,如:the sun shines all around us.
around round 
作介词用的around与round通常可以互换,只不过美语常用around,而英语常用round,例如:you can see the post office round/around that corner. (绕过那个弯你就可以看到邮局。但是一定要区别它们的不同之处:round可以用作形容词、副词、介词、动词、名词;而around只能用作副词或介词。例如:the post office is just round (around) the house (用作介词). he has round face (用作形容词). the river rounded the stones. (用作动词)
arrive 
[误] i arrived beijing the day before yesterday.
[正] i arrived in beijing the day before yesterday.
[正] i reached beijing the day before yesterday.
[误] he arrived in the school at 11∶00.
[正] he arrived at the school at 11∶00.
[析] arrive为不及物动词,当到达的是较大的地理区域时用介词in,而到达较小的地方时则用at, 如:arrive in new york, arrive at the village.
arrive reach get 
arrive如上所述是不及物动词,而reach则是及物动词。如:how did you reach the school this morning? 而get可用作不及物动词,作"到达"讲时其后面多与to连用。如:when did you get to new york?
as 
[误] this man works in the bank for a manager.
[正] this man works in the bank as a manager.
[析] as与for有时是可以通用的。如:this room is used as (for) a classroom. 但是用来指官衔、职位时只能用as.
[误] my brother is so taller as tom.
[正] my brother is as tall as tom.
[析] as… as之间只能用形容词与副词的原级,而不能用比较级。在否定句中可以用so…as,也可以用as…as,但在肯定句中只能用as…as,如:he is not so tall as tom.
[误] i"ll give him the note as soon as he will come.
[正] i"ll give him the note as soon as he comes.
[析] as soon as所引导的状语从句中应使用一般时态表示将来。
ask 
[误] the student asked a question to the teacher.
[正] the student asked the teacher a question.
[析] ask应接双宾语,即ask somebody something.123456
[误] they asked some books.
[正] they asked for some books.
[析] 向某人要求某物时应用ask somebody for something或ask for something from somebody, 如:he asked his mother for some money. 或he asked for some money from his mother.
asleep 
[误] he is deeply asleep.
[正] he is fast asleep.
[析] 要讲"熟睡",就要用fast来修饰asleep。另外, 在英语中一般不讲somebody is sleeping而要用asleep。关于睡觉这一词的惯用法还有:go to sleep(如:the old man usually goes to sleep at ten.), fall asleep(如:i fell asleep at english class yes terday.)
at 
[误] it will really do you no harm quite.
[正] it will really do you no harm at all.
[析] at all和quite的汉语意思均为"全然"、"确定的",但at all适用于否定句,例如: -i"m sorry. i"m late.
-no trouble at all. 
又如:i don"t think it is right at all. 而quite则适用于肯定句,例如:he is quite a good teacher.
[误] the children play football for lunch.
[正] the children play football at lunch.
[析] 英语中的at lunch为"在吃午饭时"。这种惯用法还有at work(在工作),at table(在吃饭),at desk(在学习)。而for lunch则是为午饭而准备的食物,又如:we had some milk for breakfast.
[误] there is a post office in the corner of the street.
[正] there is a post office at the corner of the street.
[析] at the corner是指墙外面的角,而in the corner是指建筑物内部的角落。例如:there is a computer in the corner of the room. there is a street lamp at the corner of the street.
at in on 
在表示时间时用来表示具体钟点用at,如:he will be back at six. 表示一天的上、 下午时要用in,如:i usually get up at six in the morning. 但要注意的是,in the morning和in the afternoon这两个词组中如果加入了任何修饰词,其介词要换为on, 如:on the cold morning, on the hot afternoon.又如:see you on monday morning. 如讲到具体的某一天,要用on, 如:on sunday, 如:i usually want to visit my mother on sundays. 在谈到周、月、季、年时要用in,如:all the children will be happy in easter week. he was born in july. 但要注意在泛指圣诞节、复活节、感恩节时都用at, 如:where are you going at easter.123456

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