unit2financial markets_Unit2Fishingwithbirds知识点及练习题

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unit 2
 fishing with birds
一．基础篇
  （一）单词
  1. fish  n. 鱼,鱼肉   v. 捕鱼   fisherman  n.渔夫  
  2. fit   v. 适合,与…相配( fitted  fitted)
a. 健康的            keep fit
  3. elderly  a. 上了年纪的   old  older/elder  oldest/eldest
    elder: (两个人中)年纪较大的
  4. control  v. n. 控制
  5. pole    n. 极点,杆
  6. hang hung hung   v. 悬挂
  7. able  a. 有能力的   be able to do sth.  能够(有能力)做某事
  8. traditional  a. 传统的  (opp.) modern
  9. skill      n.  技巧
  10. height    n.  高度    high a. 
  11. frighten   v.  使害怕 (sb.) frightened  a.   (sth.) frightening  a.
surprise   v.使惊讶   (sb.)surprised        (sth.)surprising
interest    v. 使感兴趣(sb.)interested       (sth.)interesting
  12. although /though  conj. 虽然,尽管
  13. catch  caught  caught   v. 接住,捉住,赶上(车辆) ,患(传染病) ,弄清楚领会理解
  14. push  v. 推
  15. tie    n. 领带    v. (用带,绳,线)系,扎
  16. by  prep. 靠近,在…旁边; (指时间)不迟于 ; (被动语态)被 ;
(表示方法,手段)用,由 ; (指交通工具等)乘,用
  17.  good ,well   better  best  
  18.  attract   v.  吸引   attractive  a.
  19.  bring  brought   brought   v. 带来,拿来
  20.  throw  threw  thrown  投,掷,扔    throw away 
  21.  late  a. ad. 晚,迟到     be late for    later  ad. 后来,以后
22. rest  n. 休息    the rest  剩余部分,其余
23. sell  sold  sold  v. 卖,出售    sell out 
24.  many more ---more---most    once more 
25.  probably  ad. 大概,也许   perhaps   maybe
26. enjoy  v.   enjoyable  a.   joy  n. 
27. know   knew  known   knowledge  n.    1234567891011
（二）词组
  1. on the side of    on one’s side  在…的一边     on the other side of 在…的另一边
  2. with a large bird on his head   头上顶着一只鸟
with : (表示伴随)与…一道,跟…在一起; (表示具有)带有,具有;(表示手段或方法)用…以..
be angry with sb.     be busy with sth.     be careful with    be pleased with
be satisfied with      communicate with    compare…with..  deal with
do with             get on with          go on with       keep in touch with
make friends with     meet with           play with        shake hands with
talk with sb.      with great care         with one voice      with one’s own eyes
with pleasure      with the help of       
 3.  be good/poor at  擅长于/对…比较差
 4.  be used to sth. /doing sth.  习惯于做某事     used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
     be used to do sth.  被用来做…
5. set off /out  出发  起程
6. up and down  上下往来
7. in the late afternoon   午后,临近傍晚
in the modern world   在现代社会中
in fifty years         五十年后
in :在…内,在里面,在…中;在…时间 ;….(情况,状态)中; 以…(方法),使用…(语言);穿戴
arrive in/at      be located in      check in       be interested in  fill in
get in          go in for          hand in        in a hurry      in a minute
in addition      in all             in charge of    in english      in fact
in front of       in hospital        in no time      in one’s fifties  in one’s opinion1234567891011
in order to       in return          in surprise     in the end      in the future
in the middle of   in this way        in time        in trouble     keep in touch with
take in           take part in       
 8. no more  不再,没有更多  =no longer   not …any longer
 9. take away   拿走
 10. a piece of  一(块,张,片,件)
 11. enjoy  oneself  =have a good time   enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事
 12. in recent years  在最近几年里
 13. thousands of  数千    five thousand  5千
 14. be proud of  以…为自豪
 15. such as  比如
 16. strong enough to do sth. 足够强壮能够做某事
he is strong enough to move the stone.
   =he is so strong that he can move the stone.
he is not strong enough to move the stone.
   = he is so weak that he can’t move the stone.
   =he is too weak to move the stone.
 17. so that  为了= in order that   so as to = in order to 为了
 18. the same height/size/width/weight/depth as =as high /big/ wide/heavy/deep as
 19. be interested in sth. /doing sth.  对…感兴趣
 20. a few 一些  few  几乎没有 +可数名词  a little 一点点  little 几乎没有+不可数名词

 21. this type of  这种…
   (三) 英文解释
  1. fit :  healthy  able to work hard    健康的
  2. is hung  : is fixed
  3. elderly:  older than about 60
  4. set off : start to go somewhere
  5. traditional : done for many years in the same way
  6. modern: new ,recent
  7. reach : get to ,arrive at/in
8. be good at : do well in
9. probably: perhaps ,maybe ,possibly
10. popular : liked by many people
11. reduce: make smaller ,cheaper
二．提高篇
1. *of average height  一般身高
2. such as   *for example  比如,举列
3. *a bamboo raft 竹筏
4. *require  v. 需要  requirement  n.
5. *remove  v. 移动   removal  n.
6. able  a.  * unable a . be unable to do sth..  * enable v. enable sb. to do sth.
7. * a fishing rod  钓鱼杆1234567891011
8. *dive down     潜入水中
9. * up to 到…之多
10.  produce  v.  * product  n.   * producer  n.
11.  joy  enjoy   * enjoyment  n.
12. *employ  v.   employee  n  employer  n.
13. * grateful =thankful    ungrateful  a.  gratefully  ad.
14. *imagine  v. 相象  imaginative  a.   imagination  n.
15. hang  hung  hung  悬挂  *  hanged  hanged 绞死
16. * be known as  被誉为
17.  popular   * popularity  n.
18. skill  n.   * skillful     a.
三 .语法篇
             被动语态
被动语态由“be + 及物动词的过去分词”构成。
一、 用法
（一） 不知道或没有必要或不想指出谁是动作的执行者时，用被动语态。
our school was built in 1965.      
(二) 强调或突出动作的承受者时，用被动语态。
       i was hit by tom.  
（三） 方法
将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语；将谓语动词变为 be + p.p （过去分词）；如有必要，将主动语态的主语变为介词 by 的宾语。
例如：1. people  speak  english  in many countries in the world. 
           ①     ②     ③
           
english  is spoken  (by people) in many countries.
   ③        ②          ①
  一般现在时态: am /is /are +pp
  一般过去时态: was/were +pp.
  一般将来时态: will be +pp
  含有情态动词; 情态动词+be +pp
注意事项：
1． 主动结构的主语变为介词by的宾语，组成介词短语，放在被动结构中谓语动词之后，在动作的执行者无须说明或不必强调时，by短语可以省略。例如：
mother took good care of the children.
the children were taken good care of.
2. 含有直接宾语和间接宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时，可以将其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动。一般是主动结构的间接宾语（人）变为被动结构的主语。例如：
    we gave him a book.
    he was given a book.
    如果直接宾语（物）变为主语，间接宾语前要加上介词to或for。能带双宾语的动词大部分加to, 如give, bring, tell等；也有的加for，如；buy, make, sing, draw等.例如：
    we gave him a book.    a book was given to him.1234567891011
    my mother bought me a new pair of trousers.
    a new pair of trousers was bought for me.
3. 含有复合宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时，必须是主要谓语动词的宾语变为主语，不要把充当宾语补足语的不定式中的宾语变为主语。例如：
the teacher told us to read the text slowly.
we were told to read the text slowly.
如果名词充当宾语补足语时，也不要把这个名词变为被动结构的主语。例如：
people call him uncle tom.
he is called uncle tom.
4. 主动结构中宾语的定语，要随宾语变为被动结构，作主语的定语。主动结构的状语的位置一般不变。例如：
she often told us stories about edison.
stories about edison were often told to us.
we use a recorder in our class.
a recorder is used in our class.
5. 短语动词在主动结构中是一个不可分割的词组，在被动结构中也是如此，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。例如：
we turn on the street lights at 7:30 in the evening.
the street lights are turned on at 7:30 in the evening.
6. 有些感官动词例如see, hear, watch等及使役动词如make, have, let后面的宾语，如接不定式作为其宾语补足语时，该不定式不能带to。结构如下：主语+感官动词（或使役动词）+宾语+不带to的不定式（作宾补），但当上列结构由主动语态变为被动语态时，不带to的不定式须换成带to的不定式。例如：
we saw him cross the street.  （主动，不带to）
he was seen to cross the street.  （被动，to）
7. 不及物动词及不及物动词词组均不能用被动语态，有些不能表示动作的状态动词，如have, fit等，通常不能用于被动语态。例如：
they have a nice house. 不能说 a nice house is had by them.
my shoes don’t fit me. 不能说 i am not fitted by my shoes.
练习
1． 将下列句子改为被动语态：
1. we grow tea in china.
2. my sister made the soup.
3 the workers could not find the manager anywhere in the factory.
4. the soldiers built a bridge over the river.
5. the police will catch the thieves.
6. my brother will repair my bike for me.
7. you must clean your watch once a year.
8. i didn’t tell tom about it.
9. the pupils asked the teacher to tell a story.
10. he told me to wait here for him.
11. they set up this hospital.
12. tom broke the window.
13. people speak english in almost every country of the world.
      14. they always clean their classroom after class.
      15. father often tells me not to waste any time.
      16. we made him go there at once.
      17. edison saved the boy near the station.
      18. my students will send me a card for teachers’ day.   
9a unit 2 exercises:
i. choose the best answer:1234567891011
(    )1.wood ____________________paper.
        a. used to make      b. is used to making   c. is used to make  d. are used for
(    )2. has the plane _________________?
         a. got to           b. arrived            c. arrived at      d. reached
(    )3. there are some trees on_________of the rivers.
         a. both side        b. either side          c. all sides       d. every side
(    )4. ____________he was tired, he still went on working.
        a. because         b. so            c. although        d. but
(    )5. a picture___________on the wall.
         a. hangs          b. hanged        c. is hanged        d. is hung
(    )6.he enjoys _________music very much.
         a. listens          b. listens to       c. listening        d. listening to
(    )7. “___________away this old coat and ________me the new ones,” said the princess.
         a. bring ,take        b. take ,bring    c. bring, carry      d. get, take
(    )8. i don’t believe that he is ___________to control the raft.
         a. enough good       b. enough strong   c. strong enough  d. heavey enough
(    )9. -----_______________will he graduate from the university?
------ in two months
a. how long           b. how soon        c. how often     d. how far1234567891011
(    )10. the students in class two are on the playground.twelve of them are playing basketball.
        ___________are running.
a. the other             b. others           c. the rest       d. some of them
(    )11.the baby isn’t ____________to reach the apple on the desk.
        a. too tall               b. enough tall      c. tall enough    d. so tall
(    )12.the girl with long hair is good at _____________children.
        a. care for            b. look up          c. taking care      d. looking after
(    )13. did you get used ________________in the city?
        a.live                b. to living         c. to live          d. lived
(    )14. you fail,it doesn’t matter. have _____________try.
         a. other             b. another          c. the other        d. the others
(    )15. shanghai _________a lot in recent years.
         a. developed         b. develops          c. has develped    d. developing
(    )16.i have many hobbies __________reading,playing football,collecting stamps.
         a. such as            b. such…as        c. for example      d. and so on
(    )17.you needn’t go to buy the orange juice .there is still__________in the fridge.
         a. a few           b. few               c. a little           d. little1234567891011
(    )18. i did well in the maths test because i made ___________mistakes.
          a. a few          b. few               c. a little           d. little
(    )19. he was so ___________at the __________news.
a. surprising  exciting            b. surprised   exciting
c.surprised  excited              d. surprising  excited
(    )20. _______the doctor is ill,he still went on with his operation.
        a. as           b. when          c. since         d. although
(    )21. i purchased this book. it has __________story i’ve ever read.
         a. interesting    b. interest       c. more interesting   d. the most interesting
(    )22.your trousers are_________.
         a. as same large as mine        b. the same large as mine
c. the same size like mine         d. the same size as mine
(    )23. our teacher is __________his students.
          a. takes pride in       b. proud in      c. proud of      d. pride on
(    )24. the boy _____________the rubbish on the ground 5minutes ago.
          a. throws away     b. threw away      c. thrown away  d. threw down
(    )25. there were about________________people at the square waiting for the new year.
          a. thousands of      b. six thousand    c. six thousands  d. thousand of
ii. fill in the blanks with the given words in their proper forms:
1. the cat is really___________(frighten)by the strange sounds.1234567891011
2. he is too short that he is ________(able)to reach the kite on the tree.
3. the old man is a _______________.(fish)
4. this is a really _______________(attract) place.
5. spring festival is our _____________(tradition)festival.
6. you are __________(probable)right.
7. he has a lot of ____________(skillful).
8. what’s the _________of the eiffel tower?(high)
9. he was rather_____________(old)with grey hair and clear blue eyes.
10. my father is an engineer. he is ___________in fishing.(interest)
11. the news is really _________________(surprise).
12. jack is ________at drawing than writing.(good)
13. harp seal is one of ___________________(attract)creatures in the world.
14. don’t be __________next time! 
_________on, he went abroad for further study.(late)
15. we are really ____________(pride)of our great country.
16. in our new school,we have a ______________(enjoy)school life than before.
iii. choose the word or expression in the box which is closest in meaning to the underlined part of each sentence:
a. reach     b. make …able to     c. fit     d. of average height
e. modern   f. old     g. make it go where he wants   h. is fixed
 (    )1. we should give seats to elderly people on buses.
 (    )2. i do much exercise in order to keep healthy.
 (    )3. the students in class 9b are not tall or short.
 (    )4. the recent fashions are liked by many young ladies.
 (    )5. he is so strong that he can control his raft in the river.
 (    )6. a light is hung from the front of the raft.
 (    )7. this enables the fisherman to see better.
 (    )8. what time will you get to the station?  
iv. rewrite the sentences as required:
1.we will start at 6 tomorrow morning. （否定句）
we will ________ __________at 6 tomorrow morning.
2.he does well in football.（保持意思相同）
he _________ __________ _________ ___________football.
3.i got up early so that i could catch the early bus. （保持意思相同）
i got up early __________ ___________ _________catch the early bus.
4. my sister is very young and she can’t go to school. （保持意思相同）
   my sister is ________young _________she can’t go to school.
   my sister is ________young _________go to school.1234567891011
   my sister is ________ _________ ________to go to school.
5. there will be no longer cormorants in the future because of the pollution. （保持意思相同）
  there __________be cormorants in the future_________ __________because of the pollution.
6. this building is 200 metres tall.that building is 200 metres tall,too. （合并句子）
  this building is __________high ________that one.
  this building is the _________ _______________as that one.
7. few people have breakfast at home,__________________ ____________?（反意问句）
8. he ties a piece of grass around the neck of each bird closely. （被动句）
  a piece of grass________ _________ _________around the neck of each bird.

9. the pizza will be here in ten minutes.
  _________ __________will the pizza be here?
10.the man is fishing with a bird on his head.
  ___________is the man fishing?
11.the wooden horse is so big that they couldn’t take it away.
the wooden horse is _________big for them ________take away.
 
2. 用所给动词的适当形式填空：
  1. english ______________________ (teach) in china for over a century.  
  2. a lot of tall buildings _____________ (build) and people _____________ (move) in sometime next year.
  3. i ____________________ (introduce) to his friends at the party yesterday.
  4. all kinds information _____________________ (can put) into the computers.
  5. thousands of motor cars ________ (produce) in that factory the past few years.
  6. the magazines __________________ (must not take) out of the reading-room.
  7. what ____________ (happen) last night? thieves ________________ (break) into the house and the tv set ________________ (steal).
8. great changes _________________ (take) place in their home town since 1949.
  9. you ______________ (keep) the book for two weeks, so it ______________ (must return) to the library tomorrow.
 10. a talk on earthquake __________________ (give) by professor li next monday.
 11. i saw the newspaper just now. it ______________________ (can’t throw) away.
3. 改写下列句子：
1. they call this line a queue in england. (改为被动语态)
  this line ________  ________ a queue in england.
2. the story was written by jackson.  （对划线部分提问）
  ________  ________  ________ the story written?
3. the question will be answered next week. （对划线部分提问）
  ________  ________ the question be answered?
4．the officials haven’t done anything to end the fight. (改为被动语态)1234567891011
  _______  ________  _______  _______ to end the fight.
5. the policeman asked me where i had found the wallet. (改为被动语态)
  ________  ________ asked by the policeman where i had found the wallet.      

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