【中考英语错题和解析】2019中考英语考前错题本（C字母篇）

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XX中考英语考前错题本 （c字母篇）
call 
　　［误］ i"ll call at mr brown.
　　［正］ i"ll call on mr brown.
　　［误］ i"ll call on mr brown"s home.
　　［正］ i"ll call at mr brown"s home.
　　［析］ 作"拜访"讲时，at后面接访问地点，而on后面接访问的人。
　　 call on drop in visit 
　　call on比较正式的为公务的访问，如：we were called on by the old students. 而drop in则是比较随便的走走，顺便拜访，如：if you"re free, drop in. 而visit则是更正式的外交访问或友好往来，如：my school"s headmaster will visit america next week.
　　can 
　　［误］ a blind man can not judge colours.
　　［正］ a blind man cannot judge colours.
　　［误］ i cann"t call for you at ten.
　　［正］ i can"t call for you at ten.
　　［析］ can的否 定形式应为cannot或can"t.
　　［误］ it"s only six o"clock. that mustn" t be the postman.
　　［正］ it"s only six o"clock. that can"t be the postman.
　　［析］ must用来表示一种肯定的推断，如：she must have some problems. she keeps crying. 但在否定句中则要用can"t， 要表示对过去的推测则要用"must+have+过去分词"的表达法，如：the lights have gone out.a fuse must have blown.而对过去的否定推测则多用"can"t+have+过去分词"，如：i don"t think he can have heard you. call again.
　　［误］ we could not help to laugh at once.
　　［正］ we could not help laughing at once.
　　［正］ we could not help but laugh at once.
　　［析］ "couldn"t help+动名词"表示禁不住做了某事。但could not help but与could not but后面要加不带to的不定式，意思都是不得不去做某事.如：you could not (help) but respect him.
　　can be able to 
　　can与be able to都可以用来表示能力，但can只有现在时与过去时，be able to则可用任何时态，如：he will be able to teach the child. 但要表示经过努力而达到的一次性动作则只 能用be able to，如：he finally was able to jump over 210 meters. 或：the plane was able to fly over the mountain. 但要注意的是这两个词都没有进行时态，而be able to后面不接不定式的被动态。
　　can could 
　　can与could都可以用在现在时的口语中，只是用could更为礼貌，语气更委婉。如：could you  tell us a story?
　　care 
　　［误］ i don"t care coffee.
　　［正］ i don"t care for coffee.
　　［误］ take care for your steps.
　　［正］ take care of your steps.
　　［析］ care for是"对某物感兴趣"，而care of是"关心，要当心某事"，如：she didn"t care for him. take care of what you are doing.
　　［误］ i don"t care where we will go if it doesn"t rain.
　　［正］ i don"t care where we go if it doesn"t rain.
　　［析］ 在it doesn"t matter, i don"t care, i don"t mind, 及in case引出的状语从句后面要用现在时表示将来。如：i"ve got a football in case we have time for a game.12345
　　change 
　　［误］ i want to change my camera with that one.
　　［正］ i want t o change my camera for that one.
　　［析］ change for为"以某物为交换物"。而change with则是"随……而变"，如：the wood"s colour changed with the season.
　　cheap 
　　［误］ a  teacher"s salary is generally very cheap.
　　［正］ a teacher"s salary is generally very low.
　　［析］ 工资的高低要用low，cheap是指价格便宜，如果要讲物美价廉则要用not expensive, 如：this car is not expensive.
　　choose 
　　［误］ we each had to have a choose of a or b.
　　［正］ we each had to have a choice of a or b.
　　［析］ choice是名词，而choose是动词。
　　class 
　　［误］ the class is watching tv.
　　［正］ the class are watching tv.
　　［析］ class作主语时，如果作为整体讲则应用单数形式的谓语动词，如：the class was more than forty in number. 如考虑到具体的每个成员时则应用复数形式的谓语动词，如：the class are, in general, very bright.
　　clean 
　　［误］ sorry, i didn"t bought it here. i cleanly forgot.
　　［正］ sorry, i didn"t bought it here. i clean forgot.
　　［析］ clean可以作为副词讲，其意为"完全"，而cleanly则意为"正确地"、"干净利落地"，如：the knife doesn"t cut cleanly. 而clean作为形容词讲时意为"清洁的"、"干净的"，如：her face is not clean now.
　　clever
　　［误］ i"m not clever in english.
　　［正］ i"m not clever at english.
　　［析］ clever at是固定搭配，表示在某方面有特长。
　　close 
　　［误］ it is cold outside. please keep the door close.
　　［正］ it is cold outside. please keep the door closed.
　　［析 ］ 这里的close是动词，意为"关闭"，而keep后要加形容词，所以要用close的过去分词形式closed作形容词。作形容词用的close意为"近的"、"亲密的"。
　　［误］ come closely so that i can see you.
　　［正］ come close so that i can see you.
　　［误］ good teaching and good testing are close related.
　　［正］ good teaching and good testing are closely related.
　　［析］ close,closely同样可以作副词用，但其意义不同，close是"靠近"、"接近"之意，而closely则是"紧密"、"严密"、"密切"之意。
 　　［误］ my school was quite close from my home.
　　［正］ my school was quite close to my home.
　　［析］ "与……接近"是close to…，例如：
　　he was close to fifty.
　　there is a busstop close to the station.
　　close shut turn 
　　shut与close是同义词，如close the door或shut the door. 但要讲把某人关在门外时则只能用shut somebody out而不能用close，因shut语气较强，并含有隔离之意。而turn off是指关上电视、电灯、煤气之类，有切断之意。
　　cloth 12345
　　［误］ the children wear very good cloth to go to school.
　　［正］ the children wear very good clothes to go to school.
　　［误］ i need a lot of clothing.
　　i"m going to make a new cloth. 
　　［正］ i need a lot  of cloth.
　　i"m going to make a new dress. 
　　［析］ cloth是"布"、"布料"，没有复数形式。一块布料是a piece of cloth, 而clothes统指衣服，是复数名词，"一套衣服"要讲a suit of clothes， 如果是"一件件衣服"应讲shirt, dress, sweater等。而clothing是衣物的总称，是不可数名词。例如：this clothing is needed in warm countries.her clothes are made of fine cloth.英语中的dress是指比较正式的服装，如a school dress(校服)，a student dress(学生套装)，a working dress(工作服)。
　　coffee 
　　［误］ please give me two waters.
　　［正］ please give me two coffees.
　　［正］ please give me two cups of water.
　　［析］ 虽然coffee, water, tea等都是物质名词，但是只有coffee可用coffees取代若干杯coffee,而其他的却不行，其前要加a cup of或a glass of.
　　colour(color) 
　　［误］ colours of flowers are red, yellow and white.
　　［正］ flowers are red, yellow and white.
　　［析］ 中文的"花的颜色有红色、黄色和白色"，若译为英文colours of flowers are…，就显得重复了。
　　［误］ i like green colour.
　　［正］ i like green.
　　［正］ i like colour green.
　　［析］ colour green中的colour是gr een的同位语，所以这种说话方式英语是可以接受的。
　　come 
　　［误］ i came across with an old friend in the street yesterday.
　　［正］ i came across an old friend in the street yesterday.
　　［析］ come across是"偶然碰见、遇见"，要直接加宾语，如：i"ve just come across a beautiful poem in this magazine.
　　［误］ where do you come  from?
　　i come from the station. 
　　［正］ where did you come from?
　　i came from the station. 
　　［正］ where do you come from?
　　i come from china. 
　　［析］ where do you come from?意为"你是什么地方的人?"而where did you come from?则是"你从何处来?" 
　　［误］ the stars are coming out from the cloud.
　　［正］ the stars are coming out of the cloud.
　　［析］ come out of意为"从……地方出来"。
　　come in come into enter 
　　come in与come into的意义相同，但come into后面要加宾语，而come in后面不用宾语。如i found someone came into my room. the door opened and the child came in.
　　enter常作为及物动词使用，如：the bus entered the english tunnel.
　　congratulate 
　　［误］ i want to congratulate you for your success with all my heart.
　　［正］ i want to congratulate you on your success with all my heart.12345
　　［析］ 动词congratulate somebody on something是"向某人祝贺某事"。其名词congratulation在用时一般要用复数，如：i offered him my congratulati ons  on his success.
　　又如：congratulations!
　　cook 
　　［误］ my father is a good cooker.
　　［正］ my father is a good cook.
　　［析］ 很多动词加上er则变为执行该动作的一种人，如workworker,teachteacher. 但cook即是动词"做饭"，同时名词也是"厨师"。而cooker则是"厨具"、"炊具"之意。如：i will cook the dinner. i bought a good press cooker(高压锅)。
　　corner 
　　［误］ there is a post office in the corner of the street.
　　［正］ there is a post office at the corner of the street.
　　［误］ a girl sat at the corner of the room.
　　［正］ a girl sat in the corner of the room.
　　［析］ in the corner是在建筑物内部的角上，而at the corner是在外部的角上，如：there is a big tree at the corner of the building.
　　cost 
　　［误］ i cost ten dollars for the book.
　　［正］ i spent ten dollars on the book.
　　［误］ i cost two hours to do my homework.
　　［正］ it took me two hours to do my homework.
　　［析］ cost, spend. take都可以作"花费"讲，但用法不同。cost的用法是"something+cost+somebody+时间或金钱"，如：the book cost me ten dollars. spend的用法是"somebody+spend+时间+(in)doing something"，如：i spent two hours (in) writing this book. 或"somebody+spend+金钱+on something"，如：i spend two dollars on this book. 而take的用法则要用逻辑主语it:"it+takes+somebody+时间+to do something", 如：it took me an hour to clean the classroom.
　　country 
　　［误］ you can find cows in a country.
　　［正］ you can find cows in the country.
　　［析］ country即可作"国家"讲，也可作"农村"讲。当作"农村"讲时，一定要加定冠词，而且只有单数形式。例如：
　　［误］ farmers live in the countries.
　　［正］ farmers live in the country.
　　［析］ 但作为"国家"讲时则可有单、复数形式，例如：japan is an asian country. japan, china, and india are asian countries.另外，country一般指的是地理概念上的国家，如：new zealand is an agricultural country. 而nation多指民族组成的国家，如：the chinese nation(中华民族)。state多侧重于政权方面的区域、国家范围，如：the state farm(国营农场)。
　　cross 
　　［误］ there are traffic lights at the cross.
　　［正］ there are traffic lights at the crossing.
　　［析］ cross作为名词讲时是十字架、十字形的东西，如：red cross(红十字会)。
　　［误］ the little boy is goin g to across the street.
　　［正］ the little boy is going to cross the street.
　　［析］ across是副词或介词，但不能作动词用。12345
　　cross pass 
　　cross是指横过某地，如：he crossed the square. 而pass则强调从某物体旁经过，如：i mailed some letters when i passed the post office.
　　crowd 
　　［误］ the room soon was crowded by people.
　　［正］ the room soon was crowded with people.
　　［析］ crowded在这句话中应作为形容词，所以这句话不是被动语态而是系表结构，如：the room was crowded with books.
　　cup 
　　［误］ a silver glass was given to the winner.
　　［正］ a silver cup was given to the winner.
　　［误］ my mother was looking for the whisky cup.
　　［正］ my mother was looking for the whisky glass.
　　［析］ glass一般指由玻璃制成的器皿，而cup多指用陶瓷或金属制成的杯子，且cup尤其用在奖杯上。喝酒多用的是玻璃制成的杯子，如我们讲i drink a glass of wine at supper. 而不讲i drink a cup of wine at supper.

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