lesson_Lesson 1The Spirit of Explorers辅导学案

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本单元考查了同意和不同意（agreement and disagreement）以及意愿和希望（intentions and wishes）
1． agreement and disagreement
常用语：
certainly./ sure. / of course.
no problem.
yes, please.
yes, i think so.
that’s true.
all right. ok
that’s a good idea.
i agree with you.
i agree to your plan.
i agree to help you.
i agree that this is a good plan.disagreement:
no, i don’t think so.
i’m afraid not
no way.
i’ m afraid i really can’t agree with you
i really don’t think so
i think/believe/ hope not.
i’ m afraid you are mistaken.
2． intensions and wishes
①. i’m going to start next week.
i intend/mean/plan to start next week
i will do it myself.
i feel like going out for a week.
i’d like to go out go for a walk.
i don’t want/hope to go with you.
i’m not ready to go with you.
i would rather not tell you.
②. i want/hope/wish to go with you.
   i wish that you would go with me.
   i would do it if i should have the chance.
   i would like to go with you.
   if only i could see him
③ i wish to see you again.
   i hope to become a doctor.
   i hope it stays fine.
   i wish i were younger
   i hope so.
二。语法
（一）关系副词引导的定于从句和介词+关系代词阴道的定于从句
1。关系副词引导的定语从句
关系词 现行词 在从句中的作用 举例（粗体为现行词，下划线为定于从句）
when=in/at/on+which 时间名词 作时间状语 i’ll never forget the day when/on which i joined the communist party.
where=in/at/on+which 地点名词 作地点状语 the factory where/in which my father works in the east of the city.
why= for + which reason 作原因状语 none of us know the reason why/for which he was absent form the meeting.2. 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
介词+关系代词引导的定语从句时，介词宾语只能用which(指物)whom(指人),介词的宾语只能用which(指物）和whom，即介词+which/whom
⑴. 当介词放在关系代词的前面时，介词宾语只用which或whom,关系代词不能省略，如：
this is the hero of whom we are proud.   （whom不能省略，不能用who代替）
this is the pen with which i wrote the letter. （which 不能省略，不能用that 代替）
⑵. 当介词位于定语从句的末尾时，可用that/which (指物），that/ whom/ who作介词的宾语，而且作介词宾语的关系代词往往省略，如：
this is the hero that/who/whom we are proud of. 关系词不能省略。
this is the pen that/which i wrote the letter with. 关系词可省略。
⑶．复合介词短语+关系代词which 引导的定语从句，这种结构引导的定语从句常与先行词用逗号隔开，定语从句常用倒装语序。如：
he lived in a big house, in front of which stood a big tall tree.12
注意：在一些固定搭配的动词短语中，由于动词和介词不可分割，因此不能不介词置于关系代词之前。如：
this is the pen which i’m looking for.不可以说：this is the pen for which i’m looking for.
⑶. 此类定语从句中应注意介词的正确选择
a. 根据后面的动词和介词的搭配关系选择。如:
this is not the book of which the teacher spoke in class.
the two things of which they felt proud were jim’s gold watch and della’s hair.
(be/feel proud of 为固定短语，意为“以。。。。。。为自豪”
b． 根据与前面名词搭配关系选择，如：
i’ll never forget the day on which i first met him.
(表示具体的某一天，介词用on)
c． 有时需要考虑动词和介词的搭配关系及介词和名词的搭配关系。如：
the clever boy made a hole in the wall, through which he could see what was happening inside the house.
(二)。形容词的比较等级
1．比较等级的常见句型及其修饰语
（1）。比较等级的常见句型
①． as+原级+as (as+原级+a/an单数可数名词+as),其否定形式为not as/so +原级+as
②. 比较级+than+ 比较对象
③. 比较级+ and + 比较级或more and more +原级
④. the +比较级。。。，the +比较级。。。
⑤. the +比较级+of the two
⑥. 比较级+than any other +单数名词
⑦. the + 最高级（单数名词）+of/among +复数名词或+in+单数名词
（2）。比较级等级的修饰词
①修饰原级：fairly, quite, rather, so, very, too 等。
②修饰比较级：much, even, far, rather , still, any, no, a bit, a little等。
③修饰最高级：by far ,almost, nearly 或序数词等。
2、最高级的多种表达法
（1）否定词+比较级
it can’t be worse . 不可能更糟糕了。
（2）more… than the other + 名词复数；more… than any other + 单数名词
he is more fit for his office than any other person .
他比其他人都称职。
（3）no… + 比较级+ than…
no avice is better than this .
没有比这更好的建议了。
（4）no… as + 原级+as …
no doctor is as excellent as tom’s father .
没有比汤姆的父亲更优秀的医生。
（5）the least + 原级 + 比较范围
this watch is the least expensive of all.
这块表是所有表中最便宜的。
（6）less +原级+than
all the other cities are less beautiful than this one .
所有其他城市都不及这座城市漂亮。
3、形容词最高级前不用the 的场合
（1）形容词最高级用于同自身不同场合相比较时不带the . 如：
i’m busiest on sundays. 我在周日最忙。
（2）形容词最高级前有物主代词、名词所有格时不带the. 如：
jane is the old man’s eldest girl. 简是老人最大的女儿。
（3）两个或多个形容词最高级并列使用，从第二个起就不带the . 如：
tom is the youngest and tallest boy in our class.
汤姆是我们班上最高、最年轻的男孩。
（4）形容词最高级在句中作宾语补足语时常不带the . 如：
we fin listening hardest in our english study .
我们发现学习英语最难的是听。
（5）most 常和多音节形容词连用构成最高级，但most 前the 或有 a 时，most
相当于very. 如：
this is most difficult problem to solve .
这个问题很难解决。
（6）某些习惯表达法中的形容词最高级常常不带the . 如：
with best wishes 致以最好的祝愿12

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