[m4u2课文翻译]M4U2 Sporting events

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m4u2  sporting events

reading学案第一部分：重点讲解：1. honorable  adj. 可敬的, 荣誉的, 光荣的ex: though it is honorable to be a cleaner, many people wouldn’t like to do that虽然做一个清洁工是受人尊敬的工作，许多却不愿做。n. 敬重，尊敬；被引以为荣的人物, 荣誉，名誉；信用all the athletes tried their best to win honor for their motherland所有的运动员都竭尽全力为祖国争光。he"s an honor to his parents. 他的父母以他为荣。vt. 受到尊敬he was honored for his courage in battle. 他因在战斗中的英勇表现而受到尊敬。有用句型：in honor of/in one’s honor为纪念，为庆祝； we held a special party in honor of our visitors.我举行了一个特别晚会向我们的来客表示敬意。相关链接： show honor to对某人表示敬意； have the honor to do很入荣幸地 feel honored to do因做……而感到荣幸； on one’s honor以某人的名誉担保　games n.game则指有一定规则的，双方竞争的游戏或运动，既可以是体力运动，也可以是脑力劳动，以输赢为主要目的。而sport指户外游戏或运动，仅限于体力锻炼，包括娱乐性的及竞赛性的；不以胜负为目的。sports和games都表示“运动会”，但有大、小之分，如school sports（校运会），the asian games（亚运会），the olympic games（奥运会）delight n.乐趣；喜悦；欣喜the children were made to laugh with delight孩子们被逗得高兴地大笑adj. delighted欣喜的, 快乐的i was delighted to be invited to her party.我很高兴被邀请参加她的晚会。vi.（常与in连用）热衷于；引以为乐she delights in cooking lovely meals.她以烹饪美食为乐。significance  n.重要； 意义；价值what is the significance of this meeting?这个会议有什么意义？adj. significant  有意义的, 重大的, 重要的this meeting is significant. 这个会议有意义vi. compete竞争；竞赛five children competed in the race.五个孩子参加赛跑。n. competition  竞争；竞赛in modern society the competition for jobs is very fierce.在现代社会求职的竞争十分激烈n. competitor 竞赛者；对手he feels nervous as it seems his competitor is stronger.他感觉紧张因为他的对手好像比他强。take part in . 参加活动。all the students in our class took part in the sports meeting which was held in our school every other year . 我们班全体同学都参加了学校每年一次的运动会。=join in may i join in the game ? 我可以参加比赛吗？相关链接：take an active part in ；join actively in 积极参与注意：join sb. (in) 和“某人一起（做）”。而take part in则不能这么用will you join us . 你愿意和我一起干吗？he joined his wife in her study . 他和他妻子一块从事研究。separate adj.分开的, 分离的, 个别的, 单独的,区别的；不同的v. 分开, 隔离, 分散, 分别ex: they have gone to separate places. 他们去了各不相同的地方。the children sleep in separate beds.1234567孩子们分别睡在各自的床上。the two children separated at the end of the road.两个孩子在路的尽头分手了。a fence separated the cows from the pigs.围栏把奶牛和猪分开。light n光, 日光, 发光体, 灯the sun gives us light during the day.白天太阳给我们光亮。adj. 轻的, 发光的, 明亮的, 浅的ex: the basket is very light; i can easily pick it up.篮子很轻，我可以很容易地拿起来。vt. 点燃, 照亮we lit the candle and the candle lit the room.我们点着了蜡烛，蜡烛照亮了房间。vi. 点着, 变亮will you light the fire for me? 你替我点上火好吗？ as的用法 　　①i have the same idea as yours .　　我的意见和你的一样。　　②do you have to feed the plants as we feed chickens ? 　　你是像喂鸡那样给植物施肥吗？　　③you should do everything as your teacher tells you to .　　你应该按老师说的那样去做每一件事。　　④as she sang , tears ran down her cheeks .　　她唱起来，泪水就伴着歌声顺着脸颊流下来了。　　⑤as a child , lincoln used to work hard and help his father on the farm .　　当林肯是个孩子的时候，他就努力工作，并且在农场帮爸爸干活。　　⑥as we can see , the earth is a huge . water-covered globe .　　就象我们所看到的，地球是一个巨大的被水覆盖的球。　　⑦you must speak english as often as possible .　　你要尽可能多地说英语。　　⑧as soon as mr li comes , i’ll tell him about it .distance  n. 距离；间隔what distance do you have to walk to school? 你到学校要走多远的距离？有用短语：in the distance在远处；at a distance相距，相隔； go the distance 赛到底；keep one"s distance 保持一定距离i could see the bus coming in the distance. 我看见公共汽车从远处开来了。americans like to keep a distance when speaking.美国人说话时喜欢保持一定的距离。record  n. 履历, 档案, 诉状, 最高纪录, 报告, 唱片the doctor keeps a record of all the serious illnesses in the village.这个医生保存了这个村庄所有严重疾病的记录。vt. 记录, 标明, 将...录音the reporter recorded what the actor said at the news conference. 记者记录了演员在新闻发布会上讲的话。the songs were recorded by the radio company.这些歌曲是由广播公司录下的。absent adj. 缺席的；不在场的he is absent on business. 他因事缺席。he is absent from beijing. 他不在北京。adj. 漫不经心的；心不在焉的；茫然的he looked at me in an absent way. 他茫然地望着我。vt.不在；缺席why did you absent yourself from school yesterday? 昨天你为何不到校？n. absence  缺乏he didn’t finished his paper because of absence of information他因为缺乏资料没有完成论文。excite v. 使人激动\兴奋the news excited everybody.消息鼓舞了每个人。adj .excited激动的；兴奋的the excited children were opening their presents.1234567孩子们兴奋地拆开他们的礼物。exciting使人激动的；令人兴奋的what he told us is an exciting story. 他告诉我们的是一个动人的故事。attempt v& n努力, 尝试, 企图the boys attempted to leave for camping but were stopped by their parents.男孩子们想去野营但被他们的父母们拦住了。she made an attempt to cook the dinner. 她试着做这顿饭。limit n & v. 限制；限定there is a limit to the amount of money i can afford.我能付得起的钱数是有限的。the speed limit is the fastest speed you are allowed to drive a car at.限速是允许驾车的最快速度。my mother limits the amount of food that i eat.我母亲限制我的饭量。movement n.  动作, 运转, 乐章，趋向；潮流；动向movement can be painful when you"ve hurt your back.当你伤了背部时,动一动就可能感到疼痛。n. 姿势she watched the dancer and tried to copy her movements.她观察那个跳舞的人想模仿她的动作。n. 政治运动many great people donated their lives to the movement for national liberation许多伟人为民族解放运动献出了生命。the movement towards greater freedom for women.这场运动旨在给妇女带来更多的自由。state  n. 状况；情形；状态；政府；盛礼，隆重的礼仪；州；邦everything was in a state of disorder. 一切都处于紊乱状态。she is in a worried state of mind. 她心情很焦急。in china, the railways are owned by the state. 在中国，铁路是国有的。the president was received in state. 总统受到隆重接待。the united states of america is made up of 50 states.美国由50个州组成。v.  state 陈述，叙述please state your name, age and occupation on the form.请在表上填写你的姓名、年龄和职业。the busmen have stated that the strike will continue until general agreement is reached about pay and working conditions.公共汽车司机们说,罢工将继续到就工资和工作条件达成全面协议为止。第二部分：练习i. 单项选择题：1.we are going to have a picnic next week . will you　　　　　us ?a. take part in   b. go in for           c. join                  d. join in 2.the box is 　　　　　what i saw in the shop .　a. some as               b. the same like     c. the same that    d. the same as 3.the doctor told me to take the medicine 　　　　　.　a. every four hours                              b. four hours each　c. four each hour                                  d. every fourth hours 12345674.there is 　　　　　in today’s newspaper .　a. interesting special nothing           b. nothing specially interesting 　c. specially interesting nothing         d. nothing special interesting5.every player tried his best to 　　　　　the game .　a. win              b. catch         c. take          d. beat 6. .people are not allowed 　　　　　freely at the meeting and they don’t allow either.　a. to talk ; smoking 　　　　         b. to talk , to smoke 　c. talking , smoking　　　　         d. talking , to smoke 7. the head office of the bank is in beijing, but it has ____ all over the country.a. companies  b. branches    c. organizations     d. businesses8. i was really anxious about you. you ____ home without a word.a. mustn"t leave                b. shouldn"t have leftc. couldn"t have left            d. needn"t leave9. the taxi driver often reminds passengers to ____ their belongings when they leave the car.a. keep              b. catch         c. hold           d. take10. we thought of selling this old furniture, but we’ve decided to ____ it. it might be valuable.a. hold on to   b. keep up with      c. turn to       d. look after11. what shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has ____?a. given out    b. put out              c. held up       d. used up12. we need to consider what _____ we will be using for language training.a. abilities   b. appliances   c. facilities     d. qualities13. --i hear you"ve got a set of valuable australian coins.      i have a look?--yes, certainly.a. do         b. may           c. will        d. should123456714. --is john coming by train?--he should, but he __ not. he likes driving his car.a. must        b. can            c. need        d. may15.you might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers ____not like the design of the furniture.a. must     b. shall     c. may      d. need16. --i"ll tell mary about her new job tomorrow.--you      her last week.a. ought to tell                  b. would have toldc. must tell                    d. should have told17. i often see lights in that empty house. do you think i __ report it to the police?a. should       b. may         c. will         d. can18. tom, you     leave all your clothes on the floor like this!a. wouldn’t    b. mustn’t    c. needn’t    d. may not19. john, look at the time. ____ you play the piano at such a late hour?a. must        b. can        c. may        d. need20. ---i"ve taken someone else"s green sweater by mistake.---it ____harry"s. he always wears green.a. has to be                   b. will bec. mustn"t be                  d. could beii. 短文填空：two weeks after the opening c___1___ the games are over. the last of the three hundred gold m __2__ has been awarded and the flags of the winners have been raised for the last time.
the final event is the closing ceremony. it is a sad occasion because the extreme e__3__ is over, and it will not h__4__ again for four years. those who have made friends will have to say goodbye, perhaps for ever. it is also a happy occasion because the c__5__ is over and the a__6__ can really show their friendship for one another.
    the closing ceremony is rather like the opening. but now the olympic f__7__ goes out and the olympic flag, with its five r__8__, is lowered. the person who closes the games calls upon the youth of the world to meet again in four years’ time. the scoreboard l__9__ up with the name of the city for the next games and the band starts to play. the c___10_ starts.1234567
    all the athletes try to be at the closing ceremony. they have forgotten all their fears and worries. it does not m__11__ whether they have done well or not. all the t__12__ walk round the s__13__ together. everybody in the village clears up and gets ready to l__14__. everyone is hunting for local products. people. exchange track suits, hats, running vests and so on. there is a last c__15__ to take photographs and get addresses of new friends. then each team starts its journey home.   第三部分：练习答案a. 单项选择题：1. c join sb. (in…) 意为“和某人一起”（做某事）will you join us? 你愿意和我们一起吗？　　she didn’t join them in their talk . 她没有参加他们的交谈。2. d same通常与as,且要有the 限制。  3. a表示频率，通常用every+相隔时间，或用叙述次叙述词表示，如：every four hours/every fourth hour.句意为：医生告诉我每四小时吃一次药。4. b 本题要说明的是形容词修饰不定代词应放在不定代词之后，但当该形容词被副词修饰时，副词仍应放在形容词之前。5. a 赢得比赛用win。6. a be allowed to do sth . / allow doing . 允许做某事。如：　　①please allow me to introduce myself first .　　请允许我首先做个自我介绍。　　②women are not allowed to take part in the games .　　妇女不允许参加体育运动会。　　③my parents don’t allow smoking .　　我父母不允许吸烟。　　my parents don’t allow us to smoke .　　我父母不允许我们吸烟。7 . b branch这里是分支，分行的意思，“该银行的总部在北京，但它在全国各地均有分行。” companies公司，organizations组织； businesses商业。  8. b从题意分析，对方没有打招呼就去, 造成的结果是1 was really anxious．故b表示过去不应不打招呼就走。9. d题干所设情景为taxi driver在passengers下车离去时常常提醒其所做之事，后接宾语为their belongings(随身物品)。必须注意是 when they leave the car时的动作，然后考虑在此时各项动词的相关词义：keep=to continue to have for some time(why do they have their belongings just for some time?)catch=to get hold of and stop(a moving object)(but their belongings are not moving)hold=to keep or support using the hands(then they cannot move their hands．)take=to carry from one place to another that’s what they do when they leave the car.)乘客下车时要把东西带走，所以take是正确答案。10. a hold on to的意思是“不要放弃／卖掉”。这句话的意思是：我们本想把这件旧家具卖掉．但是我们决定还是不卖它，它可能有价值。 keep up with跟上；turn to转向；look after照看。空后的it显然也指前句所说this old furniture。曾经动过念头，想过要卖……由此推断：结果却没有卖，留了下来。比较四个选项短语动词：hold on to：to try to keep(something)1234567例如：we should hold on to the house and sell it later when prices are higher．keep up with：stay level or equal with(somebody or an idea，fashion，etc．)例如：i read the papers to keep up with(=to discover)what’s happening in the outside world．turn to=to go to(somebody／something)for help，advice，comfort, etc．例如：one can always turn to music for comfort．look after=to take care of；be responsible for例如：if you look after your new shoes，they will last longer．比较各项短语动词的语义差异，根据此处语境需要，可以判断答案为a。11. a此题考查的是短语辨析。give out=come to an end／be used up, b：扑灭、清理掉．c：阻止、支持。而从语态上排除d。12. c句意：我们必须考虑我们将使用什么样的设备进行语言培训。 appliance指具体的工具。facilities for 某方面的设施，设备。又如：public facilities公共设施．kitchen facilities厨房器具．transportation facilities交通设施，facilities for study研究设备。13. b may表示征求对方的许可，will表示征求许可时，往往与第二人称连用，故选b。14. d先确定问句为将来时态，因为像come, go，leave, start等等这类趋向动词的进行时表示将来时。这是至关重要的，因为答语是就一将来的动作作出判断的，先排除a项，most no!译为“不准”，与文意不合；再排除b项, 至少cannot不可分开写；最后排除c项，need not译为“不必”，与文意相左；只有选d项，译为“可能不，不一定”，正好与后文的he likes driving his car相吻合，故应选d项。15. c前文的might as well表示“最好”，由此推断后文语气不是很肯定，所以用may。句意：你不妨告诉制造商，男性顾客可能不喜欢家具的图案设计。16. d should+have done表“过去本应该做某事而实际上没有做”。17. a句意：我经常看到那间空房子里有灯光。你认为我是否应报警?should用法有许多，这里表“义务上的应该”。    18. b本题考查情态动词。mustn’t这里表示“不允许、禁止”，此句中相当于can’t、shan"t。句意：汤姆，你不可以(表禁止)把衣服这样丢在地板上。19. a本题考查情态动词的用法。must在此表示特定的语气和态度，意为“偏要，硬要”。20. d本题考查情态动词的用法。句意是“我错拿了别人的绿色毛衣”，“那可能是harry的，他总是穿绿色的毛衣”。四个选项中could表示推测。mustn’t表示“禁止”；has to表示“不得不”；will表推测时，表“肯定”语气太强。b 短文填空：1. ceremony,2. medals 3. excitement 4. happen 5. competition 6. athletes 7. flame 8. rings    9. lights   10. celebration  11. matter  12. teams  13. stadium  14. leave  15. chance

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