高一英语词语运用|高一英语重点词语用法(三)
【jiaoan.jxxyjl.com--高一英语教案】
1.reach 的用法reach [ri:tm] vt. 到达,抵达。表示到达之意的还有 arrive at (in) , get to
等。例如:
① the president reached beijing by special plane yesterday.
总统昨天乘专机到达北京。
② we reached here thursday morning. 我们是星期四早晨到达这里的。
③ dr bethune arrived in yanan in the spring of 1938.
白求恩大夫于1938年春到达延安。
④ when did you arrive in europe? 你何时到达欧洲?
⑤ she was always the first to arrive at the workshop.
她总是第一个来到车间。
⑥ they arrived at the station at two o\"clock. 他们两点钟来到车站。
⑦ we must get to the airport before 8.我们必须在八点钟前到机场。
⑧ when did you get home yesterday? 你昨天什么时候到家的?
⑨ “when did the train arrived?” “half an hour ago.”
火车何时到达的?半小时之前。
【注意】在指到达一个洲、国家、城市等大地方时,arrive后多用in;而在指到达一个小地方时,多用at。但如将一个城市当作一个点看待,也可用at。例如:
① mary arrived in shanghai last month. 玛丽上月到达上海。
② we arrived at the small village in the evening. 我们傍晚到达那个小村庄。
③ the train arrived at jinan at ten o\" clock. 火车十点钟抵达济南站。
2.discover 的用法
discover [dis\"k)v+] vt.
发现(已存在但并不为人所知的事,通常指地方或科学事实);知道。discover的基本用法如下:
1)跟名词或代词:
①it was madame curie who discovered the element radium.
是居里夫人发现了镭元素。
② columbus discovered america in 1492.哥伦布于1492年发现了美洲。
2)跟从句:
① it was discovered that our food was running short.
我们发现粮食快完了。
② we discovered that he was an enemy spy. 我们发现他是一名敌特。
3)跟带连接词的不定式:
① we never discovered how to open the box. 我们找不出打开盒子的方法。
4)跟复合宾语:
① we discovered him to be an enemy spy. 我们发现他是一名敌特。
② we discovered them sitting around a fire talking.
我们发现他们围坐在篝火旁谈话。
3.both [b+ui] 的基本用法
1)both
用作连词。通常与and连用,构成“both…and…”形式,意为“……和……两者都”,使用时,both和and后面一般都跟着相同词类的词。例如:
① she both plays the piano and sings. (both+ 动词+ and+ 动词)
她既弹钢琴,也唱歌。
② she plays both the piano and the guitar.
(both+名词;and+名词)
她既弹钢琴,也弹吉他。
2)both用作代词。常位于连系动词之后,或实义动词之前;但若当动词是由几个部分组成时,both则放在第一个助动词之后。此外,它可用作主语。如:
①they are both absent. (同位语)他们俩都缺席。
②they both agree to stay. (同上)他们俩都同意留下来。
③we have both studied french.
我们两个人都学习过法语。
3)both还可作形容词。其用法和either相似,但both后面接复数名词,either后面只接单数名词。如:
①new cities came into being on both sides of the great wall.123456
(=new cities came into being on either side of the great
wall.)
长城的两边出现了崭新的城市。
4)both的全部否定,应用neither或not…either;而both…not却是部分否定。如:
①neither of them was in good health, but both worked very
hard.
(=either of them was not in good health, but both worked very
hard.)
他们俩身体都不好,但都努力地工作。 ②both of them are not teachers. 他们俩并非都是教师。
4.room [ru:m] 的基本用法
1)room可以用作不可数名词,意为“(未占用的或可利用的)空间;地位;余地”。例如:
①is there room for me? 还有我的地方吗?
②it\"s polite for the youth to make room for the old in the
bus.
在公共汽车上为老人让路是有礼貌的。
③there\"s plenty of room for the desks. 有足够的空地方放课桌。
④there\"s room for three more. 还有三个人的位置。
⑤i haven\"t much room to move here.
我这儿没有多少活动余地。 ⑥can you make room for another?
你还能腾出一个(或一件东西)的地方吗?
⑦this table takes up too much room----we\"d better put it out.
这张桌子占的地方太大,我们最好把它搬到外头去。
2)room可以用作可数名词,意为“房间,室;一套房间;寓所”。例如:
①how many rooms are there in this hotel? 这家饭店里有多少房间?
②this room is a very pleasant one. 这个房间很舒服。
【注意】与room常合成的词有:bathroom 洗澡间;sitting-room 起居室;dinning-room
饭厅;schoolroom教室
5.prepare的用法
prepare [pri\"p#+] vt. & vi. 准备
1)跟名词或代词(可有较活译法):
①please prepare the table for dinner. 请摆好桌子吃晚饭。
②mother is preparing us a meal. 母亲正为我们做饭。
2)跟不定式:
①they are busy preparing to go on holiday. 他们正忙着准备休假。
3)prepare for引起的短语表示“为……做好准备”。
①we were given two days to prepare for the examination.
给了我们两天时间准备考试。
②hope for the best and prepare for the worst.
[谚]存最好的希望,准备应付最坏的情况。
6.way的用法 1)way(意为“方法”)经常不用介词。例如:
①i think you\"re putting it together (in) the wrong way.
我认为你把它装错了。
②do it any way you like. 你爱怎么干就怎么干。
在有关从句的句子里,我们在way后面常用that来代替in which。
例如:
③i like the way (that) she organized the meeting. 我喜欢他组织会议的方法。
2)way后面可跟“带to的动词不定式”结构,也可跟“of+ -ing”结构。两者之间没有重要区别。例如:
①there\"s no way to prove he was stealing money. 无法证明他在偷钱。
②there\"s no way of proving he was stealing money.
无法证明他在偷钱。
3)不要混淆in the way和on the way:in the
way是用来谈障碍--------阻止你到想去的地方的人或物;on the way意为“在途中”。试比较:
①please don\"t stand in the kitchen door----you\"re in the
way.
请不要站在厨房门口--------你挡了我的路。
②let\"s not stop too often on the way. 咱们别老在途中停留了。123456
7.offer的用法
offer作为及物动词,有以下几种意思:
1)提供,提出。如:
①the young man offered the old woman his own seat.
那位年轻人把自己的座位让给那位老大娘。 2)出价,开价(常与介词for连用)。如:
①i offered him £10,000 for the house.
我出价一万英镑向他买那座房子。
②i offered him the house for £10,000.
我以一万磅的价格把那座房子卖给他。
3)表示愿意做某事(常与不定式连用)如:
①we offered to go with him. 我们表示愿意和他一道去。
▲另外,offer也可作为名词用,意思是“提供”,“提供的事物”。如:
①you ought to accept the offer. 你应该接受这个提议。
8.turn 一词的几种常见用法
1)take turns to do, take turns at doing 或do …by turns
都表示“轮流做某事”的意思。it\"s one\"s turn to do… 表示“轮到某人做某事”。注意表达时turn
一词的单复数形式。如:
①take turns to offer each other the foods in part 2 in pairs.
两人一组,轮流请对方吃第二部分列出的食物。
②they took turns to keep watch.
他们轮流站岗。(=they kept watch by turns.)
③we take turns to make/ at making dinner.
我们轮流做晚饭。(=we make dinner by turns.)
④the two drivers took turns at driving the truck.
两个驾驶员轮流开车。(=…drove …by turns.)
⑤it\"s your turn to recite the passage. 轮到你背诵这篇短文了。
⑥whose turn is it to speak now? 现在轮到谁发言了?
【注意】 wait your turn是“等着轮到你”的意思,这里wait后不能接for。
wait your turn = wait until it is your turn.
2)turn = become,用作连系动词。如:
①in autumn the leaves turn brown. 秋天树叶变黄。
②ice turns into water when (it is) heated. 冰加热变成水。
③three years later, he turned thief/ doctor.
三年后他变成了贼/医生。
【注意】句③中,turn接表示主语身份的名词时,该名词前不带冠词。
▲说“情况变得更糟了”,英语是 get worse 或 turn for the worse,而个说 turn worse.
3)turn out表示“结果……”,如:
①the project turned out (to be) a failure.
计划结果失败了。(to be可省略)
②the day turned out to be a fine one. 结果那天是个晴天。
③i hope everything will turn out fine/ well/ all right.
我希望一切都会好的。
4)turn up = appear, be found 表示“出现”。如:①he promised to come,
but so far he hasn\"t turned up yet.
他答应来的,可到现在还没出现。
②i expect the missing watch will turn up one day.
我希望那块丢失的手表哪一天会出现。
③tom is always waiting for something to turn up.
tom总是等待着好运会降临。
5)其它turn所用于的情况:
①don\"t always turn to the dictionary when you come to a new
word.碰到生词时不要总是查词典。
②don\"t turn to him for help. 不要求助于他。
③he turned the key in the lock. 他用钥匙开门。
④turn over the page. 翻过一页。
⑤the doctor turned him over and looked at his back.
医生把他翻过来查看他的背。 ⑥turn it round and let me see the other side.123456
把它转过来,让我看另一面。⑦turn away from the light. 背过光去。
⑧turn down the radio/ light. 把收音机音量放小些/把灯调暗些。⑨turn your pocket
inside out. 把你的口袋翻过来。
⑩turn the bottle upside down. 把瓶倒过来。
(11)she was angry and turned her back to me.
她生气了,背对着我。(12)turn your eyes this way. 朝这边看。
9.ship 作为动词的用法
1)ship作为及物动词,意思是“用船运送”、“运送”。如:
①they shipped the machine from shanghai to tianjin last
week.他们于上星期用船把那台机器从上海运到天津。
②did he ship the goods by train or by plane?
他是用火车还是用飞机运送那批货物的?
2)ship作为不及物动词,意为“上船”、“乘船”、“在船上工作”。如:①he said good - bye to his
family and shipped out for england.他向家人道别,乘船到英国去了。
②he shipped as cook. 他在船上当厨师。
重要词组短语
1.be made into, be made of, be made from 和be made up of 的用法区别
1)be made into意思是“被制成”。如:
①in many parts of the world corn is made into powder.
在世界许多地方玉米被制成粉。
②we can make glass into different kinds of things.
我们可以把玻璃制成各种东西。
2)be made of原为 be made out of,
out常被省略。这一短语表示成品制成后,仍保留了原材料的形状,制作过程仅发生了物理变化。如:
①the desks and chairs are made of wood. 这些课桌都是木头制成的。
②the cloth is made of cotton. 这种布是用棉花制成的。
3)be made from
表示制成的东西完全失去了原材料的外性和特性,原料在制作过程中发生了化学变化,从成品已无法辨认。如: ①gas is made
from coal. 煤气由煤制成。
②this kind of wine is made from rice. 这种酒是米制成的。
4)be made up of是“由……组成”的意思。如:
①the article is made up of four parts.
这篇文章由四部分组成。
②the sports team is made up of twenty members.
这支运动队有二十人组成。
【注意】be made of,be made into和make …into…许多时候可互换使用。
如:
①bread is made of flour.
=flour can be made into bread.
=we can make flour into bread.
=we can make bread (out) of flour.
2.help oneself 的用法
help oneself是固定用法,可单独使用,也可和介词to连用。主要有四种含义:
1)serve oneself (with food or drink) 自用(食物等)。如:
①there is some bread on the table. you may help yourself to
it. 桌子上有面包,你自己拿去吃吧!
②----can i have a drink?
----help yourself.
“我可以喝点吗?”
“别客气(随便喝吧)!”
③“jill, help yourself to the pancakes. they are delicious”.
吉尔(自己)拿些煎饼吃吧!非常好吃!
2)take for (oneself), esp. dishonestly,
擅自取用。此时,to后宾语不一定是食物类,而可以泛指其他各种物品。如:
①the money was on the table and no one was there, so he helped
himself (to it). 桌上有钱,左右无人,于是他就拿走了。123456
②before leaving, father warned me against not to help myself
to the medicine in the box on the shelf. 出门前,父亲再次警告我不要拿放在架子上盒子
里的药。
【注意】 help sb to sth表示“替别人取食物等。”如:
①may i help you to some more meat? 我帮你再拿些肉好吗?
3.动词时态和by引起的时间状语
by引导的时间状语,有“在某时前、到某时为止”、“到某时”的意思,所修饰的谓语动词的时态既取决于by短语,指过去、将来还是现在,也取决于谓语动词是动作动词还是状态动词。详述如下:
1)by引导的时间状语表示过去某一时间
(1)如谓语动词是动作动词,该动作到by短语所示时间时已经完成,则用过去完成时。如:
①by the time he was ten, he had already built a chemistry lab
for himself.
到了十岁时,他为自己建了一个化学实验室。
(2)如谓语动词是动作动词,该动作到by短语所示时间时尚在进行之中,则用过去进行时。如: ①by seven
o\"clock, the wind was blowing harder than ever.
到七点时,北风比以往吹得更强劲了。
(3)如谓语动词是状态动词,表示到by短语所示时间时存在的状态,则用过去时。如:
①by that time the japanese were already very near.
到那时,日本人已经很近了。
②by then he knew what he wanted to be when he grew up.
到那时,他知道他长大后要干什么。
(4)如谓语动词是状态动词,表示到by短语所示时间时该状态已延续若干时间,则用过去完成时。这时,另有一个表示一段时间的状语,说明该状态延续的时间长度。如:
①by the end of last month, my brother had been on that ship
for two years.
到上月底,我兄弟在那艘轮船上已有两年了。
2)by短语表示将来某一时间
(1)谓语动词如果是动作动词,则用将来完成时或一般将来时,表示到by短语所表示的时间时该动作将完成。如:
①quite often you\"ll find the unknown word comes again,
perhaps several times and by the end of the chapter you\"ll
have guessed its meaning.
你常常会发现,那个不认识的单词会再次出现,也许会多次出现。到全章快读完时,你就会猜出这个词的意义了。
②we will have the work completed by noon tomorrow.
到明天中午我们将把工作做完。
在主动词为过去式的宾语从句中则用过去将来时。如:
③mrs adams thought the movie would be finished by 10:30 p. m.
亚当斯认为电影到晚上十点半会结束。
(2)如谓语动词是状态动词,则用一般将来时,表示到by短语所示时间将出现的状态。如:
①your son will be all right by supper time.
到吃晚饭时你儿子(的病)就会好了。
②he won\"t be here by this time tomorrow.
明天这个时候他还不会到这里。
3)by短语表示现在
如谓语动词是动作的动词,则用现在完成时,表示到现在该动作已完成。如: perhaps she\"s recovered by
now. 也许现在她已恢复健康了。
4.be able to与can的用法区别
be able to表示能力,意思上与can没有区别,但can只有现在式和过去式(could),而 be able
to则有更多的形式,体现在be的时态变化上。例如:
①no one is able to do it. (= no one can do it.) 没人能做这件事。123456
②we shall be able to finish the work next week.
我们下周将能完成这项工作。
③i haven\"t been able to find the book. 我没能够找到那本书。
常用句型结构
1.as…as…中第一个as是副词,第二个as是连词,其基本用法如下:
1)如果我们要说两个东西在某方面是一样的,同我们就可以用as…as… 加一个原级形容词或副词。如:
①it\"s as cold as ice. 它象冰一样冷。
②he drove as fast as he could. 他尽可能快开。
在非正式文体中,第一个as往往省略。美国英语尤其如此。例
如:
③she\"s bard as mails. 她冷酷无情。
如果第二个as后面跟的是人称代词,可以用主格(i,he,we等),也可以用宾格(me,him,us等)。在正式的文体中多用主格(as
clever as i),但在非正式的讲话或文字中,宾格较为普通(as clever as me)。
【注意】在作否定的比较时,可用not as…as…,也可用not so…as…。在现代英语中,两者都是正确的。例如:
④she\"s not as/ so nice as her sister. 她不如她姐姐好。
2)如果涉及数量,我们可以用as much …as…或as many …as…加一个名词。
例如:
①i haven\"t got as much money as i thought.
我没有原来想象的那么多钱。
②we need as many records as possible.
我们需要尽量多弄到一些唱片。
▲as much和 as many也可用作代词,后面不跟名词。如:
③i ate as much as i could. 我放开肚子大吃了一顿。
④he didn\"t catch as much as he\"d hoped.
他没有得到预期的那么多。
▲as much还可以用作状语,来修饰某个动作或状态。如:
⑤you ought to rest as much as possible. 你应当尽量多休息。
3)as…as还可以与twice,three times等连用,也可以与half,a quarter等连用。例如:
①i\"m not going out with a man who\"s twice as old as me.
我不愿意和一个年纪比我大一倍的人一起参加社交活动。
②we got three times as many people as expected.
来的人超过我们预料人数的两倍。
③you\"re not half as clever as you think you are.
你可不象自己想象的一半那么聪明。
2.“too…to…”意为“太……以致于不能……”。例如:
①he\"s too old to work. 他太老了,不能工作了。
②it\"s too late for the pubs to be open.
天太晚了,酒馆不会营业了。
③it\"s too heavy for you to lift. 太重了,你提不起来。
【注意】当glad,eager,easy,pleased等形容词放在“too…to…”结构中的“too”后时,其后的不定式短语往往含有肯定意义。例如:
①i am too eager to join the youth league. 我非常渴望加入共青团。
②i am too glad to meet you. 见到你我非常高兴。
3.感叹句的两种形式
感叹句由 what或
how引导。what后接名词;how后接形容词或副词。构成以下句型:what+a(an)+(adj.)+可数名词单数;what+(adj.)+可数名词复数或不可数名词以及how+(adj.
& adv). +句子。例如:
①what an interesting film we saw yesterday!
昨天我们看的电影真有趣!
②what delicious beancurd you offered me!
你给我的豆腐真好吃!
③how delicious the soup is! 这汤真香!
④how hard the farmers are working in the fields!
农夫们在田野里干得多起劲!
123456
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[unit3]Unit3 Places of interest-listening, speaking &writing教案详细阅读
一章节分析 (section analysis ) (一) 综述 本章节是语言运用部分,通过听,说,写方面的训练,提高学生语言词汇方面的能力,加强他们运用语言知识来表达思想感情的能力。针对高一新生情况using language 的任务是培养学生如何正确有效的使用字典,为以后...
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developingand developed contry_DevelopingandDevelopedCountries学案详细阅读
魏桥中学学案总课时数 28 科目 高一英语必修3 使用时间 主 备 人 使 用 人 课题名称 book3 module2 extensive readinglearning aim: 1 to revise some words and expressions in this mod...
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[nelsonmandela]NelsonMandela详细阅读
unit 5 nelson mandela--- a modern hero第一课时:warming-up & vocabulary预习导学本单元重点呈现:词汇部分:________ n 质量;品质;性质 ________ adj 吝啬的;自私的________adj 活跃的;积极的...
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高一英语上册unit1的单词_高一英语上册Unit1-2单元专题复习教案详细阅读
高一英语上册unit 1 - 2单元专题复习教案 unit 1 - 2study aim: grasp the following words and sentence structure and remember how to use them study guide: read the new...
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[必修五unit1单词]必修5Unit 1 Great Scientists 听说课详细阅读
济宁市第一中学 林翠菊 李雯 张学敏 刘玉东 邵长云 孔庆民第一步 听力导入introduce something about qian xuesen he was born in 1911 he lived and studied for many years in the usa but re...
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【traveljournal中文意思】Traveljournal详细阅读
unit 3 travel journalperiod one warming up,pre-reading and reading 1which kind of transport do you prefer to use:bus or train?(p17)拓展归纳pre...
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【thanksgivingday是什么意思】Thanksgivingday详细阅读
每年11月的第四个星期四是美国的感恩节,现在这个节日不只属于美国人民,早就成为世界性的节日了,不论肤色不论国籍,只要有条件都会有所庆祝,最重要的是它在提醒我们是不是还有颗感恩的心 崇洋媚外的人自己很看不惯,但不排斥这个温情脉脉的感恩节,这是我进这家美资企业以来过的第五个感恩节了,每年11月的第四个星...
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[module1什么意思]Module1 Our Body and Healthy Habits-Vocabulary and reading教案详细阅读
teaching aims:1) knowledge: make students master some words, phrases 2) ability: get students to know the importance of the healthy habits ...
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【高一英语教学工作总结个人】高一英语Celebration教学案详细阅读
XX-XX学年高一英语必修1(北师大版)素材unit 3 of module i celebration period two lesson一 教学内容: unit 3 of module i celebration period two lesson 3 & 4[学习过程]一、本课教学目标与要求...
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[高一英语上册unit2单词]高一英语上册Unit2基础巩固习题讲解详细阅读
ⅰ 单词拼写1 as you know,michael phelps won 8 swimming gold ________(奖牌)in the beijing olympic games 答案:medals2 the school’s ________(座右铭)was “work...