2019版高考英语大一轮答案_2019高考英语一轮复习Unit22

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XX高考英语一轮教学案大纲版

unit 22
理解:要点诠释
单词
1.prevent
讲: v. 妨碍；阻碍；防止；预防
例：we should do our best to prevent accidents.
我们应该尽力防止事故发生。
however,some psychologists warn that too much study can prevent a child from developing normally.
然而心理学家警告说学生负担太重会阻止孩子正常发育。
her sudden arrival prevented him(from)going out.
她突然来到使他不能外出。
链接•提示
    prevent sb. (from)doing=stop sb. (from)doing=keep sb. from doing 阻止某人做某事
    在主动语态中，使用stop或prevent时，可省略from，用keep时不可省略from，因为keep...doing的意思为“某人一直做”；在被动语态中都不可省略from。
练：—what _______ you to come to the party?
—an unexpected accident _______ me going.
a.prevented;forbad                            b.protected;forbad
c.forbad;prevented                            d.stopped;kept
提示:该题考查动词搭配及意义的辨析。forbid sb. to do禁止某人做某事；prevent sb. (from)doing防止、妨碍某人做某事；stop sb. (from)doing让某人停止做某事；keep sb. from doing不让某人做某事；protect sb. from+n.保护某人躲开某物。
答案:c
2.divide
讲: v. 分；划分；分开；隔开
例：how should we divide our work?
我们怎样分工？
the red sea divides africa from asia.
红海把非洲和亚洲分开。
let’s divide ourselves into several groups.
咱们分成几个小组。
链接•提示
    (1)divide...into...把……分成……
    (2)divide sth.between/among sb.(在……之间)分配；分享；分担
    (3)divide by用……除(尽)；因……分裂
    (4)divide and rule分而治之
练：(1)he _______ his time between reading and writing.
a.divides                     b.joins             c.separates           d.devotes
提示:从句意和结构看，应该使用divide，divide sth.between a and b把(时间、精力等)分别用于……。
答案:a
(2)he divided the tools _______ the children,who were _______ three groups.
a.between;separated from                           b.among;divided into1234
c.in;divided into                                   d.among;separated from
提示:divide among/between在……之间分；divide...into...把……分成……。
答案:b
3.risk
讲: v.冒风险(或危险)
n. 危险；风险；危险人物
例：he risked his life to save her.
他冒着生命危险去救她。
if you put money into gambling or horseraces,you risk losing it.
如果你把钱投到赌博或赛马里，你就有输掉的危险。
when you buy land,you take the risk that it will lose value.
你买地时，就承担了土地贬值的风险。
smoking can increase the risk of developing heart disease.
吸烟会增加得心脏病的危险。
链接•提示
    (1)at risk(from/of sth.)有危险；冒风险
    (2)at the risk of doing sth.冒着……风险
    (3)at risk to yourself/sb./sth.冒伤及……的危险
    (4)run/take the risk of doing sth.冒……的危险；冒险做某事
练：the young man was brave enough to risk________ into______ prison by the enemy.
a.putting;the              b.to put;/             c.putting;a            d.being put;/
提示:risk后只能接动名词作宾语，不可接动词不定式作宾语，排除b项；主语the young man与put之间有逻辑上的动宾关系，故选d。本题也可以从动词短语put sb.into prison入手。
答案:d
短语
1.take turns
讲:该短语的义项为“轮流”。
例：mary and helen took turns at sitting up with their sick mother.
玛丽和海伦轮流熬夜陪伴他们生病的母亲。
we took turns at driving the car.
我们轮流开车。
链接•拓展
    (1)by turns 轮流=take turns at doing sth.
    she went hot and cold by turns.
    她一会冷一会热。
    (2)it’s one’s turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事
    it’s my turn to drive next.
    下回该轮到我开车了。
    (3)in turn(s)轮流；依次；按顺序
    they sang on the stage in turn.
    他们轮流在舞台上唱歌。
    (4)on the turn在转变
    their opinions are on the turn.
    他们的看法开始转变。
    (5)out of turn不按顺序；次序混乱
    please don’t speak out of turn.
    请按顺序讲话。
    (6)serve one’s turn适合自己的需要
    i think this book will serve my turn.1234
    我认为这本书会适合我的需要。
练：you’ve missed your ______ to speak and you have to wait for another turn.
a.turn                   b.chance            c.order            d.opportunity
提示:从后面一句话所提供的another turn“另一轮次”分析，此处应该使用turn。
答案:a
2.cut off
讲：该短语的义项有“砍下来；切断；阻碍；阻挡；堵塞”。
例：the new factory cut off our view of the hills.
新建的工厂挡住了我们观山景的视线。
the army was cut off from its base.
那支部队与基地失去了联系。
练：he was in hospital for six months.he felt as if he was ______ from the outside world.
a.cut out                b.cut off            c.cut up             d.cut through
提示:本题考查根据语境选用cut短语的能力。解题时应首先弄清各短语的含义，然后根据语境作出选择。cut out剪下，删去；cut off砍下来，切断，断绝；cut up切碎，摧毁；cut through抄近路，裁剪。根据语境选b项。全句意思为“他住了六个月的医院，他感到好像与外界隔绝了”。
答案:b
句型
“问路及应答”的交际用语
讲：注意观察下面教材原句:
—excuse me,can you tell me where the roller coaster is?
—go straight down this road,and then turn left.
链接•提示
    问路:
    (1)excuse me.can you tell me the way to...?
    excuse me.which road goes to/leads to...?
    excuse me.does this road lead to...,please?
    excuse me.where can i find...,please?
    excuse me.am i going in the right direction?
    应答:
    (2)go down this street/road and turn right/left at...
    go straight ahead and...
    it’s south/north of the...
    it’s in that direction.
    it’s just across the street.
    it’s about...minutes’/hours’ walk.
练：—excuse me,can you tell me how to get to the airport?
—______.
a.certainly,you can take a no.3 bus                  b.no,i don’t know how
c.yes,you could go by bus                          d.along this road1234
提示:先回答能不能帮忙，再告诉对方怎么走。c、d项不是地道的交际英语。
答案:a
辨析
1.feel like,would like
(1)feel like中的like是介词，后接名词或动名词。该结构用来提出意愿或希望，意思是“想要(做某事);愿意”。
(2)would like中的like是动词，后接名词、不定式或不定式的复合结构。
即时练习:
(1)i ______ not ______ to go for a walk with you.i ________ staying at home reading this novel.
(2)i ______ you to help my brother with his english.
(3)do you ______ having something to eat?
(4)— ______you ______ to join us in the travel?
—yes,i ______ to.
答案:(1)would,like;feel like  (2)would like  (3)feel like  (4)would;like;would like
2.divide,separate
divide vi.&vt.分开；分成……份
常构成短语:divide...into...把……分成几份；divide up分开。
separate v.分离；分手；隔开
常构成短语:separate...from...把……和……分开。
adj.分开的；各自的。
即时练习:
(1)he ______ the apple in half.
(2)he ______ the profits with his partners.
(3)she ______ her spare time between reading books and walking.
(4)we talked until midnight and then ______.
(5)as we joined the big crowd i got ______ from my friends.
(6)england is ______ from france by the channel.
(7)he decided to ______ the large house into flats.
答案:(1)divided  (2)divided  (3)divided  (4)separated  (5)separated  (6)separated  (7)divide
诱思:实例点拨
【例1】 (XX上海模拟) he got well-prepared for the job interview,for he couldn’t risk _____ the good opportunity.
a.to lose                  b.losing             c.to be lost            d.being lost
提示:risk后不能接动词不定式，只能接动名词作宾语，he与lose之间有逻辑上的主谓关系，应该用动名词的主动式。故选b。
答案:b
讲评:有些动词后只能接动词不定式作宾语，有些动词后只能接动名词作宾语，有些动词后接动词不定式或动名词意思不同，在平时要准确记忆。
【例2】 (XX全国模拟ⅱ) —would you like some more tea?
—______,please.
a.no mor                                     b.just a little
c.i’ve had enough                              d.yes,i would
提示:本题考查交际用语。由please可知，答话人接受了对方的提议，所以要作出肯定的回答。
答案:b
讲评:交际用语一定要符合语境，一定要使用地道的英语，避免使用汉语式英语。

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