高考英语知识点归纳|高考英语单元知识点复习Unit11-Unit12

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unit 11-unit 12

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单元

考查重点及热点

unit 11

单词solar mankind constitution man(vt.) support daily achieve likely zone private institute grasp master perfect arrange rely failure valley base markagency organ forward breakthrough march arm announce evolution battle

短语set foot on have an effect on come to life aim(sth.)at set up rely on deal with put forward

句型1.whatever引导让步状语从句2.make+it+宾语补足语＋to do/that

unit 12

单词fiction belief league balloon botany apply applied servant whale hunter collision companion permanent guest voyage iron aboard lamp dislike prisonergentle marble shore luggage brilliant hesitate butcher curtain lip

短语make a living set out in public throw light upon cut up come on believe in turn out begin with

句型find+复合宾语

unit 11理解:要点诠释

单词1.achieve讲:vt.达到(某目标、地位、标准)；得到；完成；实现例:china has achieved the highest rate of economic growth in the world this year.    中国今年实现了世界最高的经济增长率。    we want all our students to achieve within their chosen profession.    我们希望所有的学生在各自选择的专业领域内都能有所成就。链接·提示     (1)achieve success取得成功     (2)achieve victory取得胜利     (3)achieve one’s goal实现目标     (4)achieve one’s purpose达到目的     (5)achievement n. \完成；达到；\成就；成功练:their play__________________ great success and brought in a large profit to the theatre.a.appreciated              b.achieved           c.expected           d.seized提示:句意为:他们的戏剧取得了巨大的成功，为剧院带来了很大的利润。achieve success意思是“取得成功”。答案:b2.likely讲：adj. &adv. 有可能的;可能会;适当的；大概;或许;很可能例:snow showers are likely in the next 24 hours.    未来的24小时内可能有阵雪.    he is likely to win.=it is likely that he will win.    他可能会赢.    it’s likely to be cold tonight.    今天晚上可能会变冷。    there is not likely to be much rain tomorrow.    明天不会下大雨。    he is the most likely person for the job.    他是最适合那份工作的人。    he will very likely come by car.    他大概会开车来。1234567链接·提示    likely作表语时常见句型     (1)sb./sth.is likely to do sth.     (2)it is likely that...练:nowadays,within a short walk along a busy street,you are_______________to find a chain store__________________—a fastfood restaurant,a bakery,or a supermarket.a.probable;some kinds                  b.likely;of some kindc.possible;some kind of                d.unlikely;some kind of提示:be likely to do sth.意为“很可能做某事”，主语可以是人，也可以是物，而possible,probable主语不能是人，排除a、c项；of some kind作后置定语，修饰a chain shore。答案:b3.arrange讲：vt.安排；筹备；整理；排列；布置例:the party was arranged quickly.    聚会很快就安排好了。    can i arrange an appointment for monday?    我可以安排星期一约见吗？    have you arranged how to get to the airport?    你安排好如何去机场了吗？链接·提示     (1)arrange for sb.to do安排某人干某事     (2)arrange with sb.for sth.与某人商定某事     (3)arrangement n. 整理；安排练:the manager has___________________for her to go to the airport to meet an important guest.a.asked              b.sent              c.called              d.arranged提示:句意为:经理安排她去机场接一位重要的客人。ask for 想要，要求；send for派人去请；call for需要，要求。答案:d

短语1.set foot in(on)讲：该词组的义项有“踏上；造访；进入”。一般来说，表示“踏上”时，用set foot on；表示“踏进”时，用set foot in。例:they were filled with joy when they set foot on chinese soil again.    当他们再次踏上中国的土地时，他们兴奋不已。    she swore she would never set foot in his house ever again.    她发誓不再进入他的房子。链接·提示     (1)get/jump/rise to one’s feet站起/跳起身来    (2)on foot步行；徒步     (3)on one’s feet 站着；(病后)复原；自立     (4)struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来     (5)stand on one’s own feet独立自主；自主     (6)at the foot of...在……底部1234567练:at the sight of the big dog,the boy jumped_____________________.a.to the feet                           b.under his feet  c.to his feet                           d.under the feet提示:本题考查动词短语jump to one’s feet。答案:c2.rely on/upon讲：该词组的义项有“信赖；依赖；依靠”。例:i rely on you to help me.    我依赖你帮助我。    i rely on getting the money next week.    我相信下星期可以得到那笔钱。链接·提示     (1)rely on/upon sb.to do sth.相信某人会做某事     (2)rely on it that...指望……    you can rely upon it that he will come.    你放心他会来的。练:whether the clothes will be ready the day after tomorrow will ____________the tailors.a.decide               b.rely on                c.hear            d.see提示:decide用在此句中，应该使用被动语态；hear或see的主语多为指人的词。故选b项。答案:b3.put forward讲：该词组的义项有“推举、提出、提倡、促进”。例:we put him forward for the position of chairman.    我们推举他当主席。    he had no desire to put forward his plan.    他不想提出他的计划。链接·提示    (1)put aside 放在一旁；搁置；储蓄    i put aside 200 dollars every month.    我每月储蓄200美元。    (2)put away 收起来；(为将来而)储蓄    let me just put these files away.    让我把这些文件收拾好。     (3)put through 顺利完成;接通电话    please put me through to mr brown.    请接布朗先生。(4)put it叙述;表达    let me put it in another way.    让我换个方式来说明。     (5)put out使熄灭；扑灭；生产；出版    they put out fifty new books last season.    上一个季度他们出了50本新书。练:(1)the latest data__________________ by the states suggested that the business was improving.a.putting forward                        b.to put forward1234567c.put forward                            d.put up提示:句意为:政府提供的最新数据表明贸易在不断提高。由句意判断，用put forward；date与put forward有逻辑上的被动关系，应该用过去分词，故选c项。答案:c(2)(XX重庆模拟)before the war broke out,many people___________________ in safe places possessions they could not take with them.a.threw away                            b.put awayc.gave away                             d.carried away提示:throw away扔掉；put away放置；整理；give away泄漏(秘密/消息)；carry away运走；搬走。句意为:战争爆发前，很多人都把他们带不走的东西放在安全地方。故选b项。答案:b(3)(XX全国模拟ⅱ)the forest guards often find campfires that have not been____________________ completely.a.turned down                          b.put outc.put away                             d.turned over提示:turn down关小；拧低；put out扑灭；put away放置；整理；turn over打翻。依据句意选b项。答案:b

句型1.whatever引导让步状语从句讲:注意观察下面教材原句:    whatever great achievements the future may have in store for china,it is likely that many of them will be born in northwestern beijing.    在中国将来不论取得多么巨大的成就，很可能它们中的许多将会发生在北京的西北部。    whatever引导让步状语从句时，等于no matter what，意思是“无论何事/何物”。例:whatever happens,i will go.    =no matter what happens,i will go.    无论发生什么事，我都去。    whatever i suggest,he always disagrees.    =no matter what i suggest,he always disagrees.    无论我提什么建议，他总是不同意。链接·提示    “疑问代词+ever”构成的词，如whatever/whoever，既可以引导让步状语从句，还可以引导名词性从句，而“no matter+疑问代词”只能引导让步状语从句。练:—do______________________ you think is right,________________ others say.1234567    —yes,i_____________________ .a.all;what;do                         b.all that;whatever;canc.what;what;can                       d.what;whatever;will提示:从句子意义和结构看，_________others say是让步状语从句，意思是“无论别人说什么”，排除a、c两项；第一空可填what引导宾语从句，what在从句中作主语，也可填all that,all作do的宾语，that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，you think是插入语；从下文看，答话人表示将会这样做，故选d项。答案:d2.make+it+宾语补足语+to do/that...讲:注意观察下面教材原句:    zhongguancun made it possible for him to follow his dreams and help the country he loves.    ...makes it clear that science and business can and must work together to build the future.    在“make+it+宾语补足语+to do/that...”这一句型中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式、从句或动名词。例:the man made it clear that he wouldn’t accept the task.    这个人说得很清楚，他不想接这个任务。    she made it impossible to ask him to help us.    她认为叫他来帮助我们是不可能的。链接·提示    在这个句型中除了make外，还可以用feel,consider,think,find等动词。练:i must thank my parents_________________ to be a college student.a.to make it possible for me                b.to make it possible to mec.for making it possible for me             d.for making it possible to me提示:依据thank sb.for sth.排除a、b项；依据动词不定式的复合结构for sb.to do排除d项。故选c项。答案:c

辨析1.include,included,includinginclude是及物动词,可以用于主动语态或被动语态;including要放在被包括的名词或代词之前;included要放在被包括的名词或代词之后。即时练习:     (1)their names are__________ in the list.     (2)there are a lot of names in the list,____________ his name.     (3)there are a lot of names in the list,his name_______ .     (4)we no longer_________ him among our friends.     (5)there are 40 students in our class,________ four students from america.答案:(1)included (2)including (3)included(4)include (5)including2.job,work     (1)job是可数名词，侧重职业。表示某个人“失业”,应说out of a job;表示多个人失业可以说out of a job，也可以说out of job(s)。1234567     (2)work作“工作”解时，是不可数名词。它可以构成很多固定结构，如:go to work(去上班);be at work(在工作中;在班上);after work(下班后);out of work(失业)。work作“著作、作品”解时，是可数名词;表示“工厂;工事;机件”时，常用复数形式。即时练习:     (1)i’m going to the hospital to see one of my friends after_____________.     (2)she lied to us because she had to in order to get a__________________.     (3)if anyone at _________ discovers the secret,i shall lose my__________________.     (4)new_____________ are needed because a number of people are out of__________.     (5)the iron___________________ is outside the city.     (6)something is wrong with the________________ of my watch.     (7)have you read the______________ of shakespeare?答案:(1)work (2)job (3)work,job (4)jobs,work/job(s) (5)works (6)works  (7)works3.how long,how soon,how often,how far     (1)how long表示“多长时间”，询问动作和状态持续的时间，通常与延续性动词连用，常用表示一段时间的状语来回答。how long还可以表示长度，意思是“多长”。     (2)how soon表示“多久”，询问动作还要多久才发生，通常与瞬间性动词连用，常用“in+一段时间”来回答。     (3)how often表示“多长时间一次”，询问动作发生的频率，通常用very often,usually,seldom,sometimes,once/twice/three times a day/week/month/year,three times a month/year等来回答。     (4)how far表示“多远；多长的路”，询问距离的远近。即时练习:     (1)—_______________ is the exhibition going to begin?    —in two days.     (2)—______________ is the factory away from your house?    —nearly 4 kilometers.     (3)—______________do you play basketball?    —three times a week.     (4)—___________ will the meeting go on?    —about half an hour.     (5)—________________has your father been out of work?    —since XX.     (6)—___________ is this river?    —it is more than 300 kilometers.答案:(1)how soon (2)how far (3)how often (4)how long (5)how long (6)how long诱思：实例点拨【例1】（XX辽宁沈阳质量检测）nie haisheng,__________ his daughter soon conveyed her greetings on his birthday,heard it in the spaceship,happy and excited.1234567a.who                                   b.to whomc.whom                                  d.with whom提示:convey...to...把……传递给……，在本句中介词to提前，后接关系代词whom，引导非限制性定语从句。答案:b【例2】(XX重庆模拟)—what should i do with this passage?    —_________the main idea of each paragraph.a.finding out                            b.found outc.find out                               d.to find out提示:下文为祈使句，用动词原形。答案:c【例3】(XX江西模拟)the manager,________it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us,left the meetingroom.a.who has made                          b.having madec.made                                  d.making提示:由两个动作发生的时间可知，选项用完成式；a项时态错误，c项表示被动不合适。故选b项。答案:b讲评:解考查非谓语动词作定语的题时，要把握好非谓语动词与定语从句的互换，本题可以用who had made替换having made。1234567

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