learningefficiency_Learningefficiently教案

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learning efficiently教案
名师导航
三点剖析
单词•典句•考点
 
【经典例句】  the same principle applies to competent readers.
同一种原则适用于有能力的读者。
【考点聚焦】  1）常用搭配：be competent for/at/in/to do sth. 有能力做某事
2）其名词形式：competence  n. 能力、胜任、本领
 
【经典例句】  see how many of the questions beneath the sentences you can answer.
看一看你能答出句子下面多少个问题。
【考点聚焦】  1)beneath作介词和副词。它和below,under相近，below表示“比……低的”。其反义词是above;under表示“在……的正下方”，其反义词是over;beneath意思是“在某物体的底部与该物体是相连接的”。
2)注意下面的词组:beneath attention 不值得注意;beneath contempt 极其可鄙
【活学活用】  1.用beneath,below，under填空
1)the valley lay __________.
答案：beneath
2)today’s temperature is 10 degrees centigrade __________ zero.
答案：below
3)i can recognize my chair by checking my name written __________ it.
答案：beneath
4)there is a boat __________ the bridge.
答案：under
 
【经典例句】one way to know what techniques to use is to study the techniques that good readers use and then adopt them in your own reading.
了解使用什么样的技巧的一个办法是研究优秀读者所运用的技巧，然后在你的阅读中采用。【考点聚焦】  注意以下词组:one’s adopted son某人的养子;adopted words外来词
 
【经典例句】  a college is going to assess a student’s ability based on grades.
大学将根据分数评估学生的能力。
【考点聚焦】  固定搭配：assess sth. at...为……评估、评定、核定（税金、罚金）
assess sth. on...对……征（税金、罚金等）
assess sth. as评定、估计某事物的质量、性质
【活学活用】  2.完成句子
1)政府对他的财产征了税金。
the government _________ the tax _________ his property.
答案：assessed;on
2)保险公司评定损害赔偿金为350美元。
the insurance company _________ the damage __________ $350.
答案：assessed;at
 
【经典例句】  he consulted a dictionary for the meaning of a word.
他查辞典寻找某词的词义。
【考点聚焦】  1）固定搭配：consult with sb. 和某人商量;consult sb. 征求某人的意见（是单方面的请教）
2）比较consult和look up 的用法：
consult 和look up 都可作“查阅”讲，但是所接的宾语不一样，consult后接表示资料或工具书的名词，而look up 后接表示所查阅的内容的名词。
【活学活用】  3.翻译句子
1)你为什么不请教我这件事?
____________________________________________
答案：why didn’t you consult me about this?
2)我在电话簿上查找了他的地址。
____________________________________________
答案：consulted the telephone book for his address/i looked up his address in the telephone book.1234
 
【经典例句】  tactile learners learn best through concrete experiences.
触觉型学习者通过具体的经历达到最佳学习效果。
【考点聚焦】  concrete还可用作名词和动词，其意思为“混凝土;用混凝土覆盖”。
【活学活用】  4.翻译句子
1)水泥(cement)、沙子和水混合制成混凝土。
__________________________________________________________
答案：cement,sand and water are mixed to make concrete.
2)你有什么具体建议应付这一困境吗？
__________________________________________________________
答案：have you got any concrete suggestions on how to deal with this difficulty?
短语•典句•考点
apply to 适用于
【经典例句】the same principle applies to competent readers.
同一种原则适用于有能力的读者。
【考点聚焦】  由apply构成的其他常用搭配：
apply to sb. for sth.向某人申请某事或请求某人
apply sth. to sth. 把……运用到(贴到、涂到)……
apply oneself to sth./doing sth. 集中精力做某事
【活学活用】  5.用所学词组的适当形式填空
1)the same method can __________ __________ __________ other situations.
答案：be applied to
2)they __________ __________ the government for help.
答案：applied to
rely on 指望;依赖
【经典例句】  nowadays we rely increasingly on computers for help.
现今人们越来越依赖计算机协助工作。
【考点聚焦】  1)rely on的主语必须是人不能是物。主要结构有:
rely on/upon sb. to do sth.指望或依赖某人做某事
rely on(sb.) doing sth.指望某人做某事;相信某人会做某事
2)具有相同用法的同义词组为:depend on/upon;count on/upon
【活学活用】  6.翻译句子
1)你可以相信他会帮助你的。
________________________________________________
答案：you can rely on him to help you.
2)这项工程的成功靠每一个人的努力工作。
________________________________________________
答案：the success of this project relies on everyone making on effort.
be up to sb. to do sth.由某人决定做某事
【经典例句】  it’s up to you to choose where we should go.
我们要去的地点由你负责选择吧。
【考点聚焦】  相关词组:up to date最新式的;up to now（then）直到现在（那时）
tend to易于;往往会
【经典例句】  i tend to see pictures in my mind when i am reading or listening.
阅读和听力时，我头脑中往往会浮现画面。
【考点聚焦】  1)tend to为动词词组，后面可接动词或名词。
2)相关词组：tend on/upon服侍；招待。
3)其名词形式为tendency，后常接不定式作定语。
【活学活用】  7.用所学词组的适当形式填空
1)it __________ __________ rain a lot here in summer.
答案：tends to
2)measures __________ __________ improve working conditions have been made.
答案：tending to
3）he __________ __________ get angry when people oppose to his plan.1234
答案：tends to
make sense 讲得通；有意义
【经典例句】  i read the passage and half the time it doesn’t make sense.
我阅读文章，可是半数的时间弄不懂意思。
【考点聚焦】  由sense构成的其他短语:
make sense of 弄懂……的意思;in a sense 在某种意义上;in no sense 决不;in one’s（right）senses 神志清醒;out of one’s senses失去理智;talk/speak sense说正经话、讲道理;come to one’s senses苏醒过来;common sense常识
难句•剖析•拓展
you will read more efficiently if you keep in mind the purpose for your reading and then read in a way that will best help you to achieve this purpose.
如果你时时想着阅读的目的，然后采用一种最能帮助你实现这一目的方法，那你就能高效地去阅读。
【剖析】  1)the purpose for your reading作keep的宾语，由于短语较长放在了状语in mind后面来保持句子平衡。
2)定语从句that will best help you to achieve this purpose修饰way。
【拓展】  为了保持句子结构的平衡，常常将某个成分后置。
one way to know what techniques to use is to study the techniques that good readers use and then adopt them in your own reading.
了解使用什么样的技巧的一种方法就是研究优秀读者使用的技巧，然后在你的阅读中采纳。【剖析】  1）不定式to know what techniques to use作定语修饰one way;
2）不定式to study the techniques作表语;
3）that引导的定语从句修饰techniques。
【拓展】  动词不定式还可以作状语、宾语、宾语补足语。
that way you would be practising reading in english as well as studying biology.
通过那种方法你就会既训练了英语阅读并且又学习了生物学。
【剖析】1）would表示婉转的推测意向,意思为“大概是、似乎是、可能是”。
2）that way在句中作状语，省略了介词in。
3）as well as为连词词组，连接并列宾语。
【拓展】  this/that way常在句中直接作状语。
i find it tiresome to sit and concentrate on anything for a long time.i prefer to keep changing activities.
我认为长时间坐着并专心于任何事情令人厌烦。我更喜欢不断变换活动。
【剖析】 1）it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是to sit and concentrate...;tiresome作宾语补足语。
2）keeping doing sth.表示“不停地做某事”。
【拓展】  动词不定式后面如果有宾语补足语，此时常用it作形式宾语，而把不定式后置。
语法•剖析•活用
虚拟语气
本单元复习虚拟语气，其基本规则如下:
 虚拟条件句 主句
与现在事实相反的假设 动词过去式（be动词用were） should/would/could/might+动词原形
与过去事实相反的假设 had+过去分词 should/would/could/might+have+过去分词
与将来事实相反的假设 动词过去式/were to+动词原形/should+动词原形 should/would/could/might+动词原形
虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法很常用，也比较重要，注意以下情况:1234
1.在demand/order/require/request/insist/suggest/propose/advise/urge/intend/recommend等表示“建议、命令、要求、愿望”等词后的宾语从句中常用虚拟语气。从句中的谓语动词用(should)+do形式。
注意:1)当suggest表示“暗示;表明”，insist表示“坚持认为”时，不用虚拟语气，应用陈述语气。2)在suggestion，proposal，order，request，advice等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中常用虚拟语气。从句中的谓语动词用(should)+do形式。
2.在 wish/even if/as if/would rather等后的从句中常用虚拟语气。从句中的谓语动词用过去时。
【活学活用】 8.单项填空
1)he hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball,otherwise he _________ a goal.
a.had scored　　　　 b.scored
c.would score   d.would have scored
答案：d　根据otherwise可以判定要用虚拟语气，对过去发生的事情的假设要用would have scored。
2)it is hard for me to imagine what i would be doing today if i _________ in love at the age of seven,with the melinda cox library in hometown.
a.wouldn’t have fallen  b.had not fallen
c.should fall    d.were to fall
答案：b　 根据句意和i would be doing可以判定这是虚拟语气。at the age of seven是表示过去的时间状语，从句中的谓语要用had not fallen表示对过去情况的假设。
3)how i wish every family _________ a large house with a beautiful garden!
a.has   b.had
c.will have  d.had had 
答案：b　 wish后接宾语从句，主句表示现在时，宾语从句的谓语动词要用一般过去时。
4)when a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it looks as if it _________.
a.breaks   b.has broken
c.were broken  d.had been broken
答案：c　 as if 后面的从句要用过去时，此处是对现在的情况假设，故用一般过去时。
5)you didn’t let me drive.if we _________ in turn,you _________ so tired.
a.drove;didn’t get
b.drove;wouldn’t get
c.were driving;wouldn’t get
d.had driven;wouldn’t have got
答案：d　 此处是对过去的情况进行相反的假设，所以用虚拟语气。
6)jane’s pale face suggested that she _________ ill,and her parents suggested that she _________ a medical examination.
a.be;should have  b.was;have
c.should be;had  d.was;has
答案：b　第一个suggest表示“表明”，宾语从句要用陈述语气。第二个suggest表示“建议”，宾语从句要用虚拟语气，动词用（should）have。
7)the teacher demanded that the exam _________ before eleven.
a.must finish  b.would be finished　
c.be finished  d.must be finished
答案：c　 demand表示“要求”，宾语从句要用虚拟语气，此处是被动语态，故用(should)be finished。
8)the order came that the medical supplies _________ to the village soon.
a.would be sent  b.should send
c.be sent    d.must be sent 
答案：c　 that从句是同位语从句，修饰order。因为order表示“命令”，从句中也要用虚拟语气。1234

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