八年级英语上册第一单元教案|八年级英语SaveOurWorld教案1
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八年级英语save our world教案1unit 8 save our world
一. 教学内容:
unit 8 save our world
lesson 57~ lesson 60
1. 单词和短语
n. yard rubbish garbage bit a bit of pollution bag environment litre toilet sink tap metal plastic weight packaging percent cassette deck buzz power
v. pick up throw away pollute take out leak waste fix recycle save sort mend tear(tore/ torn) must reuse touch repair
adj. less reusable least leaky plastic
adv. exactly
2. 语法
(1)学习如何提供帮助
(2)宾语从句用法
3. 语言目标
(1)can i help you? what can i do for you?
(2)i don’t think(that)he will come.
二. 重点、难点分析:
1. sunny adj阳光充足的,照耀的,快乐的
a sunny day晴朗的日子
a sunny room阳光充足的房间
a sunny smile温和的微笑
the day was bright and sunny. 阳光灿烂的日子。
sun n. 太阳;阳光;向阳处;有阳光的地方
the sun rose at six o’clock. 太阳六点钟升起。
sit in the sun 坐在阳光下
2. rubbish n. 垃圾,废物,废话
同义词:garbage
rubbish collection 垃圾堆
rubbish pail 垃圾桶
garbage can/truck 垃圾箱/车
household garbage 生活垃圾
literary garbage 无聊读物
表示“垃圾”的词:
(1)trash n. 垃圾。如:
can you take out the trash? 你把垃圾拿出去好吗?
(2)litter n. 乱扔的东西。如:
don’t throw about the litter. 不要乱扔纸屑.
3. pick up捡起;整理,收拾
pick up a book捡起一本书
let’s pick up the living room. 我们收拾一下卧室吧。
she just picked up and left. 她收拾了一下行李就走了。
pick 选择;采;摘
i picked a book to read. 我选了一本书读。
we picked apples(from the tree). 我们(从树上)摘苹果。
pick n. 选择;精华;最优部分
take your pick of these books. 你任意挑选这些书。
the pick of… ……的精华
4. pollution, n. 污染;败坏;污秽物
freshwater pollution淡水污染 food pollution食物/食品污染123456
information pollution信息污染 river pollution河流污染
noise pollution噪声污染 seawater pollution海水污染
pollution disease污染病 pollution of beaches海滩/海滨污染
the men were cleaning all the pollution off the shore.
人们在清除海滩上的污染物。
air pollution大气污染
pollute vt. 弄脏;污染。如:
all those waste products are polluting the river.
所有废弃物正在污染这条河。
5. explain
(1)说明;阐明
explain what this word means. 解释这个词的含义。
will you please explain the third paragraph again for us?
请您把第三段再给我们解释一下好吗?
(2)解释;辩解
can you explain why you were late?你能解释一下你为什么迟到了吗?
he explained how the machine was used. 他解释了一下怎样使用那台机器。
辨析:explain与interpret
explain指“解释不明之事”,如:
he is explaining how a machine operates. 他正在解释机器是如何运转的。
interpret侧重于“用特殊的知识、信念、判断、了解或想像去阐明特别难懂的事物”。如:
how do you interpret this poem? 你是怎样解释这首诗的呢?
6. get to
(1)到(某地,某一时刻或年岁等)。如:
i get to school at seven o’clock every day. 我每天7点钟到校。
(2)get to do sth. 开始干某事。如:
stop talking and get to work. 停止空谈,开始工作。
7. clean up彻底清理;整理 clean up the desk整理书桌
(1)清理掉;清除
the waiter hurried to clean up the pieces of the broken plates.
服务员赶紧把盘碟的碎片打扫干净。
(2)赚得
he really cleaned up at the football pools today.
他在今天的足球赌注中的确发了大财。
(3)clean. vt. 把……弄干净;使净化;清扫;洗涤
clean your shoes before you enter the houses.
在进屋前请先把鞋子弄干净。
(4)clean n. 干净的;清洁的
that shirt is dirty;here is a clean one. 那件衬衣脏了,这里有件干净的。
boys,are your hands clean?孩子们,你们的手干净吗?
比较:clean与cleanse都含“使干净”的意思。
clean是常用词,指“用各种方式将污垢、脏物等清除掉”。如:clean the window 擦窗子。cleanse指“使纯净;清洗”,尤指“用清除剂或其他方法使清洁”,也用于比喻中,如:cleanse the air in cities将城市中的空气净化。
8. a bit of后加不可数名词,相当于a little。如:
please give me a little/a bit of bread. 请给我点面包。123456
a bit一点儿,有些,相当于a little,修饰形容词或副词。如:
it’s a bit/a little cold today. 今天有点冷。
(1)a bit可以修饰比较级,相当于a little。如:
she’s a bit/a little taller than me. 她比我稍高一些。
(2)not a bit意为“一点也不”。如:
i’m not a bit tired. 我一点也不累。
9. finish doing sth. 干完某事。如:
finish reading 读完 finish writing 写完
常用的动词后加动词-ing形式的动词:
(1)mind介意。如:
would you mind opening the door? 请打开门好吗?
(2)enjoy喜欢,享受……的乐趣。如:
i enjoy reading. 我喜欢读书。
(3)practice练习。如:
she practices playing the piano every day. 她每天练习弹钢琴。
(4)can’t/couldn’t help忍不住。如:
she couldn’t help crying at the bad news.
听到这个不幸的消息,她忍不住哭了。
10. on the ground在地上。如:lie on the ground躺在地上
辨析:不同含义的“地”
land陆地(指船或飞机着陆的地方);(耕作的)土地;(作为财产的)地皮。如:
the ship landed. 轮船靠岸了。
rich farm land 肥沃的农田
ground(室外)地面,与floor(室内)地面相对;(运动)场地;植物生长的地方。如:
in our school the ground is covered with grass. 我们学校的地面覆盖着草。
we sweep the floor of our classroom every day. 我们每天扫地。
earth地面;地球;土地,土壤;同soil。如:
the space ship turned to the earth. 太空船返回地面。
11. environment. 自然环境;环境;周围环境
to prevent the pollution of the environment防止环境污染
home environment家庭环境
the children have a happy environment at school
孩子们在学校有一个快乐的环境。
12. throw away丢掉
throw away yesterday’s newspaper 扔掉昨天的报纸
throw vt. & vi. (变形:threw,thrown,throwing)扔,投,掷,抛
he threw the ball to me,and i caught it.
他把球扔给我,我接住了。
don’t throw away your old shoes, give them to me.
不要扔掉你的旧鞋子,给我吧。
13. encourage vt. 鼓励,激励,怂恿
encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人(做某事)
encourage a man to work better 鼓励一个人更好地工作
be encouraged by 受……鼓励/鼓舞
14. least 1ittle的最高级,反义词为most123456
(1)adj. 最少的;最小的。如:
the least money 最少的钱 the least number 最小的数
(2)adv. 最小;最少。如:least talk,most work. 少说多干。
(3)n. 最少,最小,最少量。与the连用。如:
buy the one that costs the least. 买那个最便宜的。
(4)短语at least 至少,起码。如:
you might at least be polite. 你至少要客气些。
not in the least=not at all一点也不
i’m not in the least tired. 我一点儿也不累。
15. leak vi. & vt. 漏,渗漏。如:
the roof leaks, it lets the rain come in. 房顶漏了,雨水滴进来了。
(1)leaky渗漏的。如:
students often fix leaky toilets and sinks. 学生们经常修理漏水的洗手间和水槽。
(2)leak out(水)漏出;(消息等)泄漏出去。如:
you can’t use the water that leaks out. 漏掉的水就不能再用了。
16. waste
(1)vt. 浪费;未用,反义词save。如:don’t waste water. 不要浪费水。
(2)n. 浪费。通常用作(a)waste of。如:it’s a waste of time. 这是浪费时间。
常用作复数,垃圾;污水;废弃物;废料。如:recycle wastes废物回收利用
(3)adj. 废弃的;毁坏的,无用的。如:
waste water 废水 waste paper 废纸 waste land 荒地
17. take out拿出,取出,去掉,out为副词。有代词要放在out与take之间。
固定短语:
take after 相似 take in 收留,收容(某人)
take back 撤销;同意收回 take for 当作;误认为
take off 脱掉(衣服) take on 雇用;聘用
18. walk around=walk about 绕……而走,各处走走,散步
take sb. for a walk 带某人去散步;[口]作弄某人;欺骗某人
walk away from 从……走开 walk on 不停地走,向前走
walk into 走进 walk off (突然)离开
walk out 退席,退场 walk up to 走近;走向
walk out on sb. (在某人处于困境或需要帮助时)离开某人;遗弃某人
19. sort vt. &vi. (常与out,over连用)整理;分类
isortedthe booksinto bigones and small ones. 我把这些书整理成大的和小的两类。
sort n. (人或物的)群,类,种,型
a hammer is a sort of tool. 锤子是一种工具。
he’s a sort of people who’re incapable of deceiving you. 他是那种不会欺骗你的人。
this is the sort of thing that geoffrey loves. 这正是杰弗里所喜欢的那种东西。123456
20. do with
(1)处理,处置,通常与what构成特殊疑问句。如:
what have you done with the eggs? 你怎么处理那些鸡蛋?
(2)与……相处。如:he is easy to do with. 他很好相处。
(3)容忍。如:i can’t do with such carelessness. 我不能容忍这种粗心。
21. weight n. 重;重量;体重。如:a weight of 100 pounds 100英磅的重量
by weight 按重量计算 put on weight 增加体重
lose weight 减轻体重 over weight 过重,超重
unweight 重量不足,短斤缺两
weigh vt. 称……的重量。如:weigh apples 称苹果
weigh out 称出;量出。如:weigh out ten grammes of tea 称出10克茶叶
22. fix 修理
i asked the boy to fix the bicycle. 我请这个小伙子修自行车。
(1)使固定;钉牢
to fix a picture on the wall 把画钉在墙上
he fixed a picture to the wall. 他把画贴在墙上。
(2)fix up修补;修理好。如:
he has fixed up sixteen old bikes. 他已经修好了16辆旧自行车。
mend 修补
can you mend the hole in my shirt?你能补一下我衬衫上的洞吗?
改进;改良
to mend one’s ways 改进某人的方法
辨析:mend,repair与patch
mend是常用词,指“修补破损的简单日常用具,使之可再用”。如:mend a toy 修理玩具。
repair指“修理构造较复杂或损坏较严重的物体,使之再次完整”。如:to repair a car修汽车。
patch指“补缀、填补,使之可再用”。如:patch a coat补大衣。
23. purple 紫色的,紫红色的;词藻华丽的,华而不实的
purple passage 词藻华丽的段落
24. tear 破处,破缝
n. 泪滴,眼泪。读作/ti?/常作复数。如:tears of joy喜悦的眼泪
in tears 流着泪;含着泪。如:that girl was in tears. 那个女孩哭了。
v. 撕扯;撕裂;撕破;撕毁
to tear up the letter 撕毁一封信
he tore his trouser. 他撕破了裤子。
to tear a hole 扯了一个洞
25. buzz n. 嗡嗡声;嘤嘤声;电铃声;电铃所发出的信号
give him a buzz. 给他挂个电话。
buzz vi. &vt. 发出嗡嗡声;嘤嘤地叫(飞);嘁嘁喳喳地讲
the crowd buzzed with excitement. 群众很兴奋,嘁嘁喳喳地交头接耳。
planes buzzed the crowd. 飞机低空掠过人群。
26. fit 合适,合身
your clothes fit well. 你的衣服很合身。
the trousers don’t fit him;they are too small. 这条裤子他穿不合身,太小了。123456
the lid fits badly. 这个盖子盖不上了。
her height fitted her for basketball. 她身材高大适合打篮球。
(1)适合的,恰当的;合理的。如:the food was not fit to eat. 这食物不适合吃。
(2)健康的;健全的,同义词healthy。如:
you should take more exercise and keep fit.
你应该多运动来保持健康。
(3)n. 适合,合身,与不定冠词和形容词连用。如:
the coat is a good fit. 这件大衣很合身。
27. exactly adv. 精确地;确切地
exactly true千真万确
we are not exactly driving fast. 我们并不真地开快车。
the train arrived at exactly 8 o’clock. 火车八点整到达。
tell me exactly where mary lives. 请确切地告诉我玛丽住在哪里。
—we need a drink 血我们应该喝酒。
—exactly! let’s have one. 说得对!让我们来喝一杯。123456
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