【theforbiddencity翻译】TheForbiddenCity教案

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unit 5 the forbidden city
一、教学内容：
unit 5 the forbidden city
 
二、教学目标：
知识目标：熟练掌握本单元课文中的单词，短语和句型。
能力目标：培养学生综合运用知识的能力。
 
三、教学难点：
培养学生的综合能力
 
四、重点知识：
单词：本单元所有单词（单词表中）
短语：
1. be excited about             对……感到兴奋 
2. take place                  发生
3. 500 kilometers long          五百米长
4. six-meter-deep moat         六米深的护城河
5. lie in the center of beijing     位于北京的中心
6. on each side                在每一边/面
7. divide into…              分成
8. be covered with            覆盖着……                           
9. a million people            一百万人                           
10. one hundred thousand      十万                    
11. make … impossible        使……成为不可能   
句型：
it was not completed until 1420.      直到1420年才建成。
the forbidden city lies in the center of beijing. 紫禁城坐落于北京的中心地段。
the buildings are surrounded by a six-meter-deep moat and a ten- meter-high wall.
那些建筑物被六米深的护城河与十米高的城墙包围着。
the city is divided into two parts.   （紫禁）城被分为两部分。
 
五、重点知识讲解：
1. people who have visited the forbidden city would be impressed by the wisdom of the ancient chinese. the forbidden city lies in the center of beijing, north of tian’anmen square. it has 9999 buildings, which are surrounded by a six-meter-deep moat and a ten-meter-high wall. the wall has a gate on each side: the meridian gate to the south, the shenwu gate to the north, the xihua gate to the west, and the donghua gate to the east. 12345
译文：凡是参观过紫禁城的人一定会惊诧于中国古代人民的智慧。紫禁城位于北京城的中心，天安门广场的北边。紫禁城里面有9999间房屋， 四周环绕着六米深的护城河和十米高的城墙。每一面城墙都有一个城门：南面是午门，北面是神武门，西面是西华门，东面是东华门。
知识点：1）the wisdom of the ancient chinese   中国古代人民的智慧
2) lies in the centre of beijing      位于北京城的中心
3) north of tian’anmen square     天安门广场的北边
4) a six-meter-deep moat          六米深的护城河
5) a ten-meter-high wall           十米高的城墙
6) each                          每一个
each, every意思相近,经常可以互用,但在下列情况下有差别:
① each重点指单个的个体,即逐个,而every重点强调整体.
study each sentence carefully.认真学习每个句子。(强调个体:逐一学习)
every sentence must have a verb每个句子必须有一个动词。(强调整体:所有句子)
② each更强调小的数量;而every则侧重大的数量.
there were four books on the table. each book was a different color.
carol loves reading. she has read every book in the library(all the books).
③ each可以指两个东西,而every不能.
in a football match, each team has 11 players. (not “every”)
④ 表达动作的频率时,用every,不能用each
“how often do you go shopping?” “every day.” (not “each day” )
⑤ each和every均可与名词连用, 除此之外, each可单独使用, 而every不能.
each book, every book, each one, every one
but:
each is a different color. (not “every”)
each of them is a different color. (not “every”)
2. the forbidden city got its name by forbidding common people to enter unless they were given permission. the city is divided into two parts. the southern part, or the outer court was where the emperor exercised his power over the nation. the outer court covers a large space between the meridian gate and the gate of heavenly purity. the “three big halls” of supreme harmony, complete harmony and preserving harmony constitute the center of this building group. the northern part, or the inner court, was where the emperor lived with his family members.
译文：以前，没有许可，普通人是不能进入紫禁城的。 这也是它的名字的由来。紫禁城分为两部分：南部，或叫外殿，是皇上对国家行使至高无上权力的地方。外殿包括了从午门到乾清门之间的大片空地。三大殿：太和殿、保和殿与中和殿构成了这组建筑群的中心。北部，或叫内殿，是皇上和皇室家族成员生活的地方。12345
知识点：
1) unless      除非；如果不；要是不 
例如：
unless he studies hard, he will never pass the examination.
他如果不努力学习, 就永远不能考及格。
i shall go unless it rains.                  如果不下雨我就去。
this baby seldom cries unless he is tired.      这个婴儿很少哭除非在他疲倦时。
i’ll go unless he telephones.                 他不来电话我就去。
stay for dinner, unless you’re busy.           如果你不忙，就留下来吃饭吧。
we’ll be late unless we speed up.            我们要不加快速度，就会迟到。
2) divided into   把……分成……
3) cover        覆盖
相关短语：
be covered with   覆盖着……
be covered by    由……覆盖
例句：
cover the table with a cloth 把桌子铺上台布
be covered with moss     长满绿苔
be covered with snow all the year round     终年积雪
cover the loss                          弥补损失
his studies covered a wide field.           他的知识渊博。
lies cannot cover up facts.                谎言掩盖不住事实。
the best reporters were sent to cover the war. 最优秀的记者被派去做战地报道。
all the pupils in the school are covered against accidents.
学校里所有的学生都参加了人身保险。
there are lots of bus lines covering the area. 有许多公共汽车路线遍布于这一地区。
between …and   ……和……两者之间
3. the building of the palace began in 1407, the 5th year of the yongle rule, it was not completed until 1420. it was said that a million people, including one hundred thousand skilled workers were driven into long-term hard labor. it was said that a well was dug every fifty meters along the road in order to pour water onto the road in winter. ancient chinese people showed their great skills in building the forbidden city. take the external city wall for example. the angular shape of the city wall made any attempt to climb it impossible.
紫禁城始建于14XX年，即永乐五年，直至1420年才完工。据说，有一百万工人包括十万工匠被迫去做长期苦工。据说当时沿路每隔50米就挖一口井，为的是在冬天可以把水倾倒在路上使其结冰，把巨大的石头顺着冰面滑进京城。古代中国人民在建造紫禁城时展示了他们高超的技艺。以宏伟的外部（红色）城墙为例，城墙的角度使得试图攀爬是不可能的。12345
知识点：
1）not …until    直到……才……
例如：
he did not go until night.       他直到夜里才走。
i didn’t notice it until yesterday      直到昨天我才注意到这件事。
to cook until brown.              烹调至呈现棕（褐）色。
we danced until dawn.             我们跳舞跳到天亮。
wait until two o’clock.             等到两点钟为止。
i’ll wait until he arrives and then i’ll leave.　 我要等他来以后再离开。　
go straight on until you come to a large red building.　
一直往前，直至（你）走到一幢高大的红色建筑物为止。
let’s wait until the rain stops.　    咱们等雨停吧。　
the teacher kept on asking the students questions until the bell rang.　
老师反复向学生提问，直到下课铃响。　
2) be driven into
drive  n.驾车, 驱动器, 快车道, 推进力, 驱使, 动力, 干劲, 击球
vt. 开车, 驱赶, 推动、发动(机器等), 驾驶(马车, 汽车等)
vi. 开车, 猛击, 飞跑
n.  [计]驱动器
例如：
drive the dog away.   把那条狗赶走。
drive the nails home.   把钉子完全敲进去。
drive your own car.       开你自己的车。
drive off the invaders.      赶走入侵者。
i will drive faster.         我开快一点。
can you drive faster?      你能开快一点吗？
do not drive me.         不要撵我。
3) long-term hard labor    长期的苦工
4) it was said that      据说
本句型常用来表达“你”听来、看来没有确凿证据的事情。这个句型也表示“你”开始陈述。
例如：
① it is said that we’ll have a new manager.     听说我们要有新经理了。
② it is said by the bible that adam is the very first human being in the world.
据《圣经》上说亚当是世间的第一个人。
③ it is said that drinking much pure water is good for health. 据说多喝纯净水有益健康。
④ dialogue:
a: why don’t we chinese have our own valentine’s day?
我们中国为什么没有自己的情人节呢？
b: of course we have. it’s on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month.
我们当然有，是在农历的七月初七。
a: oh? why is that day?
哦？为什么是那天？
b: it is said that the cowherd and the spinster, the lover stars in heaven, can only meet on the seventh eve, so this day has become the lover’s day.
据说牛郎星、织女星只能在七夕相会，所以这天就成了情人节。12345
5) every fifty meters
6) pour … onto
7) take … for example
8) make any attempt to climb it impossible
make …adj.    使……怎么样
4. until the last emperor of china was driven from the inner court in 1924, fourteen emperors of the ming dynasty and ten emperors of the qing dynasty had ruled there. the forbidden city had been the imperial palace for some five centuries, and now is the world’s largest palace museum. in 1987, it was recognized by unesco as a world cultural legacy. now it is one of the most popular tourist attractions worldwide.
译文：直到1924年中国的最后一位皇帝被赶出了紫禁城为止，明朝有十四位皇帝，清朝有十位皇帝曾经在这里登基即位。紫禁城在过去长达五个世纪的时间里一直作为皇宫，目前是世界上最大的博物院。1987年，紫禁城被联合国教科文组织确认为世界文化遗产。现在故宫博物院是世界上最受欢迎的旅游景点之一。
知识点：
1）a world cultural legacy    世界文化遗产
2）be driven from           从……被赶出来
 
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