专四语法主谓一致真题及答案|语法复习二、主谓一致
【jiaoan.jxxyjl.com--高三英语教案】
在英语句子里,谓语受主语支配,其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这就叫主谓一致。寻其规律,大致可归纳为三个原则,即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。
(一)语法一致原则:语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。
1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。如:his father is working on the farm. / to study english well is not easy. / what he said is very important for us all. / the children were in the classroom two hours ago. / reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.
注意:由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式,但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式。如:what i bought were three english books. / what i say and do is (are) helpful to you.
2、由连接词and或both … and连接起来的合成主语后面,要用复数形式的谓语动词。如:lucy and lily are twins. / she and i are classmates. / the boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. / both she and he are young pioneers.
注意:① 若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时,它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。如:the writer and artist has come.; / ② 由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every more than a (an) , many a (an)修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。如:every student and every teacher was in the room.. / no boy and no girl likes it.
3、主语为单数名词或代词,尽管后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等引起的短语,谓语动词仍用单数形式;若主语为复数,谓语用复数形式。如:mr green, together with his wife and children, has come to china. / nobody but jim and mike was on the playground. / she, like you and tom, is very tall.
4、either, neither, each, every 或no +单数名词和由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词,都作单数看待。如:each of us has a new book. / everything around us is matter.
注意:① 在口语中当either或neither后跟有“of+复数名词(或代词)”作主语时,其谓语动词也可用复数。如:neither of the texts is (are) interesting. ② 若none of后面的名词是不可数名词,它的谓语动词就要用单数;若它后面的名词是复数,它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。如:none of us has (have) been to america.
5、在定语从句时,关系代词that, who, which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。如:he is one of my friends who are working hard. / he is the only one of my friends who is working hard.
6、如果集体名词指的是整个集体,它的谓语动词用单数;如果它指集体的成员,其谓语动词就用复数形式。这些词有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等。如:class four is on the third floor. / class four are unable to agree upon a monitor. 12345678
注意:people, police, cattle等名词一般都用作复数。如:the police are looking for the lost child.
7、由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语,其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。如:there are a lot of people in the classroom. / the rest of the lecture is wonderful. / 50% of the students in our class are girls.
注意: a number of“许多”,作定语修饰复数名词,谓语用复数;the number of“…的数量”,主语是number,谓语用单数。
8、在倒装句中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如:there comes the bus./ on the wall are many pictures. / such is the result. / such are the facts.
(二)逻辑意义一致原则:逻辑意义一致就是谓语动词的数必须和主语的意义一致(因有时主语形式为单数,但意义为复数;有时形式为复数,但意义为单数)。
1、what, who, which, any, more, all等代词可以是单数,也可是复数,主要靠意思来决定。如:which is your bag? / which are your bags? / all is going well. / all have gone to beijing.
2、表示“时间、重量、长度、价值”等的名词的复数作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式, 这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体,如:thirty minutes is enough for the work.
3、若英语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式,其谓语动词通常用单数形式。如: “the arabian nights”is an interesting story-book.
4、表数量的短语“one and a half”后接复数名词作主语时,其谓语动词可用单数形式(也可用复数。如:one and a half apples is (are) left on the table.
5、算式中表示数目(字)的主语通常作单数看待,其谓语动词采用单数形式。如:twelve plus eight is twenty. / fifty-six divided by eight is seven.
6、一些学科名词是以 –ics 结尾,如:mathematics, politics, physics 以及news, works等,都属于形式上是复数的名词,实际意义为单数名词,它们作主语时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。如:the paper works was built in 1990. / i think physics isn’t easy to study.
7、trousers, glasses, clothes, shoes, 等词作主语时,谓语用复数,但如果这些名词前有a (the) pair of等量词修饰时,谓语动词用单数。如:my glasses are broken. / the pair of shoes under the bed is his.
8、“定冠词the + 形容词或分词”,表示某一类人时,动词用复数。
(三)就近一致原则:在英语句子中,有时谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语保持一致。
1、当两个主语由either … or, neither … nor, whether … or …, not only … but also连接时,谓语动词和邻近的主语一致。如:either the teacher or the students are our friends. / neither they nor he is wholly right. / is neither he nor they wholly right?
2、there be句型be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and连接的两个主语,则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致。如:there are two chairs and a desk in the room..12345678
注意:here引导的句子用法同上。
练习:主谓一致
1.i, who____ your friend, will try my best to help you with your english.
a.am b.is c.are d.be
2. the rich ____ not always happy.
a.are b.is c.has d.have
3. neither tom nor jack and i ____ his students.
a.are b.am c.is d.was
4. mary as well as her sisters ____ chinese in china.
a. are studying b. have studied c. studies d. study
5. neither my father nor i ____ at home.
a.am b.is c.are d.be
6. not only my brother but also i ____ good at painting. both of us ____ good painters.,
a.are;are b.am;am c.ani;are d.is;is
7. every" boy and every girl ____ to attend the evening party.
a.wish b.wishes c.is like d.like
8. over 80 percent of the population of china ____ peasants.
a.was b.is c. would be d.are
9. the population of china ____ larger than that of .any other country in the world.
a.is b.are c.has d.have12345678
10. every means ____ tried but without any result.
a. have been b.is to be c.are to be d. has been
11. alice, together with two boys,____ for having broken the rule.
a. was punished b. punished c. were punished d. being punished
12. the league secretary and the monitor____ asked to attend the .meeting this afternoon.
a.is b.was c.are d.is being
13. the great writer and professor____.
a. is an old man b. are both old men
c. is an old man and a young man d. were two chinese
14. there ____ a pen, two pencils and three books on the desk.
a.are b.is c.has d.have
15. a large number of students in our class____ girls.
a. are b. was c. is d. be
16. the number of deer, mountain lions and wild roses ____ much if people leave things as they are.
a. doesn" t change b.don"t change c.change d.changed
17. the arabian nights ____ well known to the english.
a. is b. are c. was d. were
18. chairman mao" s works ____ published.
a. has been b.have been c.was d.is12345678
19. a chemical works____ built there.
a. is to being b.have been c. were to d.has been
20. the olympic games ____ held every ____ years.
a.is;four b.are;four c.is;five d.are;five
21 .the united states of america one of the most developed countries in the world.
a.is b.are c.was d.were
22.he is the only one of die students who ____ elected.
a. are b.have c.has d.is
23.theis is one of the most interesting questions that ____ asked.
a.have b.has c. have been d.has been
24.many a man ____ come to help us.
a.have b.has c.is d.are
25."all____ present and all____ going on well," our monitor said.
a.is;is b.are;are c.are;is d.is;are
26. the police ____ the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.
a. is searching for b. were searching for
c. are searching for d. were searching
27.your trousers____ dirty.you must have____ washed.
a.is;il b.are;it c.are;them d.is;them12345678
28.this pair of trouseis ____ too long for him.
a.is b.be c.are d.were
29. one and a half bananas ____ left on the table.
a.is b.are c.has d.have
30. eight times eight ____ sixty - four.
a.is b.are c.get d.equal
31 .ten minutes____ an hour when one is waiting for a phone call.
a.seems b.seem c.seemed d.seemes
32.____of the money____ nm out.
a. three-fifth; has b. three-fifth; has been
c. three-fifths; has d. three-fifths; have
33. the whole class ____ the teacher attentively.
a. are listening to b. is listening to
c.are listening d. is listening
34.1 have finished a large part of the book, the rest of which___ more difficult.
a.is b.are c.was d.were
35. between the two rows of trees ____ the teaching building.
a.stand b.stands c. standing d.are
36. large quantities of water ____ for irrigation.
a. is needed b. has -needed c. are needed d. need12345678
37. that they were wrong in these matters ____ now clear to us all.
a. is b.was c.are d.all
38.what we need____ good textbooks.
a.is b.are c.have d.has
39. what you said just now____ the matter we are discussing.
a.have something to at b. has something to do with
c.had something to do with d.has been something to do with
40. more than one member ____ against the plan.
a. is b.are c.has d.have
41. when and where to build the new factory ____ yet.
a. has not decided b. is not decided
c. are not decided d. have not decided
42. half of the fruit ____ bad.
a. are b. has c. is d. have
43. ____ either of your parents come to see you recently?
a. have b. had c. has d. is
44. mathematics ____ the language of science.
a. are b. are going to be c. is d. is to be
45. my family ____ small.
a. is b. were c. are d. makes
46. the following ____ some other examples.
a. are b. is c. was d. were
47. they both have some friends; but his ____ more active.12345678
a. is b. will be c. was d. are
48. both rice and wheat ____ grown in that country.
a. is b. are c. was d. has
49. early to bed and early to rise ____ a good habit.
a. are b. is c. were d. was
50. to play basketball and to go swimming ____ useful for character-training.
a. was b. is c. are d. were
51. either he or i ____ to attend the mass meeting this evening.
a. is b. am c. are d. be
52. ____ either he or i to attend the mass meeting this evening.
a. is b. am c. are d. be
53. an iron and steel works, with some satellite factories, ____ to be built here.
a. are b. were c. is d. will
54. she as well as her brother ____ a league member.
a. are b. were c. will d. is
55. his family ____ a big one. now the family ____ watching tv.
a. is, are b. are, is c. is, is d. are, are
56. it is i who ____ going to attend the meeting tomorrow.
a. is b. am c. are d. be
57. more than 60% of the students ____ the countryside.
a. is b. are c. is from d. are from
58. many a man ____ the novel.
a. has read b. have read c. is read d. are read
59. tom is the only one of the students who ____ going to swim this afternoon.
a. is b. was c. are d. were
60. here ____ a pen, a few pencils and some paper for you.
a. are b. is c. was d. were
参考答案
语法复习二:主谓一致
1~5 aaaca 6~10 cbdad 11~15 acaba 16~20 aabdb 21~25 adcbc
26~30 bcaaa 31~35 acaab 36~40 cabba 41~45 bccca 46~50 adbbc
51~55 bacda 56~60 bdaab
本文来源:https://jiaoan.jxxyjl.com/gaosanyingyujiaoan/23011.html
相关教案
- 完形填空词组词库_所有完形填空的词组总结
- 高考英语知识点归纳_高考英语单元知识点复习Unit18
- 2019高考英语语法填空|2019届高考英语语法专题复习不定式或动名词作动词宾语的用法
- 2019版高考英语大一轮答案_2019高考英语一轮复习Unit22
- 2019届高三英语三月联考_2019届高三英语Poems教案
- 高三英语集体备课第一轮|高考英语一轮复习精品专题辅导-
- 高考英语知识点归纳|高考英语单元知识点复习Unit11-Unit12
- 全品高考英语第二轮专题答案|高考英语第二轮专题复习直接引语转换为间接引语的关键――时态
- [unit5gender roles]Unit5Gettingthemessage
- 高三英语重点单词|高三英语unit11单词专题复习教案
-
2021高考英语核按钮必修一答案_2021届高考英语必修1Unit3顶尖复习学案详细阅读
XX届高考英语必修1 unit 3 顶尖复习学案unit 3 travel journal 游记核心词汇1.after the flood,many things have been ____________(运送)to the flooded area 2.i think you don’t k...
-
theland牛奶怎么样|2021届高考英语Units3~4 ThelanddownunderGreenworld知识点复习详细阅读
units 3~4 the land down under green world ⅰ 单项填空1.in australia there are over 140 species of snakes,________ extremely dangerous a.many of them are...
-
【高三英语考纲词汇2021】2021届高三英语重点词汇与短语-详细阅读
高中三年级英语学案units 7-8 (b3)【知识网络】 一、重点词汇与短语 1.admit vt 承认;准许……进入(使用)vi 容许;承认 admit sb (sth )into to sth 允许某人(物)进入 sb be admitted to school (hospital)接受某人...
-
unit3underthesea课文翻译|Unit3 Underthesea详细阅读
unit3 under the sea 1、urge vt 根据语境猜词义(1)they urged that the library be kept open during the vacation (2)in jolly spirits, they urged the donkeys on ...
-
2021届高考英语3500词汇(基础+提升)_2021届高考英语基础写作范文详细阅读
广东英语基础写作范文选登 * 基础写作经典背诵范文(第1-2篇)1 基础写作(调查“谁是你的偶像”) 【写作内容】 上周,我们以“谁是你的偶像”为题,在2600名学生中进行了一次调查(survey)。 以下是调查数据:偶 像( idol ) 女 生 男 生伟 人...
-
高考英语重点句型_高考英语一轮重点复习Module6Unit5&Module7Unit1详细阅读
高考英语一轮重点复习module 6 unit5 & module 7 unit1一.重点单词1 impress(1)v 给予某人深刻的印象he impressed us with his good sense of humor (2)impress sth on upon sb 使某...
-
[人教版新课标高一英语必修一电子课本]人教版新课标高一英语必修4词组归纳总结详细阅读
unit 11 in pairs 成对2 give reasons for 给…理由3 improve prison conditions改善监狱的条件4 the nobel peace prize诺贝尔和平奖5 one of the top leaders高级领导人之一6 co...
-
2021高考英语备考讲座|2021高考英语备考单元知识搜索与探究归纳Unit8Firstaid详细阅读
XX高考英语备考单元知识搜索与探究归纳 unit8 first aid 自助式复习板块 知识搜索 a 单词 1 容器;集装箱 (n )_________________ 2 救护车;流动医院 (n ) ________________ 3 作答;回答;...
-
2021届高考英语3500词汇(基础+提升)练05|2021届高考英语必考词汇90天复习案:第58天详细阅读
i 重点单词 1 calm vt&adj 镇静 2 community n 社区 3 concept n 概念 4 conduct vt 实施 5 congratulate vt 祝贺 6 conservation n 保护 7 ...
-
高考英语人教版一轮单元知识_高考英语第一轮单元基础知识复习2详细阅读
类别 新课标学习要求词汇 n 质量;品质_______;自我,自我________;共和国_______;法则;原则;原理_________;人类______;律师________;指导;领导_____;费用;酬金________;青年________;青年时期_______;同盟;联盟;联合会__...