2019高考英语备考高频度词汇早知道|2019高考英语备考单元知识搜索与探究归纳Unit20Humour

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XX高考英语备考单元知识搜索与探究归纳unit20 humour
 自助式复习板块
 知识搜索
a. 单词
 1.富有幽默感的；滑稽的       （adj.）_________________
 2.苦的；痛苦的         （adj.）_________________
 3.典型的；象征性的        （adj.）_________________
 4.确定的；无疑的         （adj.）_________________
 5.迅速的；快的         （adj.）_________________
 6.困惑的；烦恼的         （adj.）_________________
 7.想要；打算          （v.）_________________
 8.使发笑；使愉快         （v.）_________________
 9.赏识；鉴赏          （v.）_________________
 10.存在；生存         （v.）_________________
 11.经历；遭受；忍受        （v.）_________________
 12.运转；操作         （v.）_________________
 13.使迷惑；混淆         （v.）_________________
 14.部长；大臣         （n.）_________________
 15.舞台；阶段；时间        （n.）_________________
 16.国籍；国家         （n.）_________________
 17.笑声；笑          （n.）_________________
 18.传统           （n.）_________________
 19.方向；指导         （n.）_________________
 20.寂静；沉没         （n.）_________________
 21.口音；腔调         （n.）_________________
 22.骑脚踏车的人         （n.）_________________
 答案：1.humour　2.bitter　3.typical4.certain　5.rapid　6.confused　 7.intend8.amuse　9.appreciate　10.exist　11.suffer12.operate　13.confuse　 14.minister　15.stage　16.nationality　17.laughter　18.tradition　 19.direction20.silence　21.accent　22. cyclist12345
b. 短语
 23.绕口令 _______ _______
 24.扮演……角色_______ the _______ _______
 25.内心记住…… ______sth._______ ________
 26.在舞台上 _______ _______ ________
 27.拿起；捡起 ________ ________
 28.取笑 _______ ________ ________
 29.母语（1）_______ ________（2）________ _______
 30.相声表演 _______ ________ _________
 31.令人发笑的故事an ________ ________
 32.和……一样 _______ sth._______ ________
 33.同某人关系好be ________ ________ _________ ________
 34.在另一个方向______ the _______ ________
 35.把车开走；赶走 _______ _______
 36.追溯到 _______ _______
 37.非常惊奇地 _______ _______ _______
 38.把……看作……______ _______ ...________
 39.搞糊涂 _______ _______
 答案：23.tougue twister　24.act/take,role of　25.have/keep/bear,in mind　26.on the  stage　27.pick up　28.make fun of　29.(1)mother tongue　(2)native language30.the  crosstalk show　31.amusing story　32.have,in common　33.on good terms with　 34.in,other direction　35.drive off　36.date from　37.in great surprise　 38.look on; as　39.get confused
c. 句型
 40.追溯到XX年前,纸在中国已经得到使用。
    ______ _______ _______ two thousand years ago, paper has been used in china.
 41.他靠卖菜谋生。
 he _______ _________ _______by selling vegetables.
 42.和其他年轻人一样，他也喜欢周杰伦。
    _______ _______ _______other young people, he likes jay chow.
 43.取笑别人是不对的。
 it is wrong to______ _______ ________ others.
 答案：40.dating back to　41.made a living42.in common with　43.make fun of
d. 语法
 44.当我进屋时，我发现他在看电视。
 when i entered the room, i found him_______ tv.
 45.听到这令人高兴的消息，他高兴得跳了起来。
 he jumped with joy at the _______news.
 答案：44.watching　45.pleasing
 重难聚焦
 重点单词
 要点1　appreciate
 【例题】 (经典回放)
 i really appreciate ______to relax with you on this nice island. 
 a. to have bad time　　　　b. having time
 c. to have time   d. to having time
 解析:本题考查了appreciate的用法。appreciate后通常接动名词，即-ing形式，而不接动词不定式。
 答案:b
归纳与迁移
 appreciate有以下意思
 （1）欣赏，喜欢
 i don’t understand the poet. how can i appreciate it?
 我都不理解这首诗歌，我怎么欣赏呢？
 (2)理解，体会
 it is difficult to appreciate what he means.12345
 很难理解他的意思。
 （3）感激，感谢
 i appreciated your help.
 我感谢你的帮助。
 appreciate的名词是appreciation。
 要点2　make
 【例题】（XX广西，22）helen had to shout _______above the sound of the music. 
 a. making herself hear
 b. to make herself hear
 c. making herself heard
 d. to make herself heard
 解析:本句意为“海伦不得不大喊使自己在音乐声中被听到”。make sb.  do意为“使某人做某事”，但是herself和hear是被动关系，所以用过去分词heard。
 答案:d
归纳与迁移
 make+宾语+宾语补足语的情况有以下几种：
 （1）make sb. +过去分词
 宾语补足语用过去分词，表示宾语与该动词的关系是被动。
 she can’t speak english, so it is hard to make herself understood in england. 
 她不会说英语，所以在英格兰她很难使自己被别人理解。
 （2）make sb.  do（主动）/sb.  be made to do（被动）
 what he said made me cry.他说的话使我哭了。
 he was made to do the housework.
 他被迫做家务。
 （3）make sb. +形容词
 what you did made me very angry.
 你的所作所为让我很生气。
 （4）make sb. +名词
 we made him our monitor.我们选他当班长。
 要点3　mean
 【例题】 (经典回放)—why haven’t you bought any butter?
 —i______ to，but i forgot about it.
 a. liked     b. wished
 c. meant     d. expected
 解析:本题意为“你为什么没有买黄油啊？”“我本打算买的但是我忘了。”mean to do表示“打算做某事”；like to do“喜欢做某事”；wish to do“希望做某事”；expect to do“期待做某事”。 答案:c
归纳与迁移
 （1）mean to do sth.表示“打算做某事”；mean doing sth. / sth.表示“意味着”。
 i meant to go running this morning, but i overslept.
 我今天早晨本打算去跑步，但是我睡过头了。
 in this poem, the budding flower means youth.
 在这首诗中，含苞待放的花朵象征着青春。
 (2)一些与mean有关的词组：
 by all means“当然，当然可以”“尽一切办法”
 the plan should be carried out by all means.
 这个计划一定要实施。
 by any means“用尽各种可能的办法；无论如何”
 this is not by any means an easy opponent.
 无论如何也不是一个容易的对手。
 by means of “使用；由于”
 they succeeded by means of patience and hardworking.
 他们靠耐心和勤奋取得了成功。
 by no means “并没有；绝不”
 this remark by no means should be taken lightly.
 这次讲话绝不能等闲视之。
 重点短语
 要点1　与make有关的词组12345
 【例题】 (经典回放)the idea puzzled me so much that i stopped for a few seconds to try to _______.
 a. make it out      b. make it off
 c. make it up      d. make it over
 解析:本题意为“这个想法太使我困惑了。于是我停了一会儿想尽量把它搞明白了”。make sth. out “理解，了解”；make off“离开，（尤指做了错事后）匆忙离开，逃走”；make it up“和解，讲和”；make over“修改，移转”。
 答案:a
归纳与迁移
 与make有关的词组：
 be made of/from/in由……制造/产于……
 make up构成，组成，编造
 make up one’s mind作出决定或提出意见
 make fun of拿……开玩笑
 make ends meet收支平衡
 make it成功
 make a difference有影响，很重要
 make sense有意义
 要点2　与look有关的词组
 【例题】 she______ his number in the phone book to make sure that she had got it right.
 a. looked up      b. looked for
 c. picked out      d. picked up
 解析:本题考查词组意义。本句意为“她在电话簿里查了他的电话号码以确保正确”。look up“向上看，尊敬，仰望，查寻”；look for“寻找”；pick out“挑选”；pick up“掘地，捡起”。
 答案:a
归纳与迁移
  (1)look on...as看作
 i used to look on him as a friend. 
 我以前把他看作是一位朋友。
 (2)look down upon/on看不起，轻视
 don’t look down upon disabled people.
 不能看不起残疾人。
 (3) look back on/to sth. 回忆
 they can’t help looking back to the past.
 他们情不自禁地回忆过去。
 （4）look forward to期盼，to是介词
 we are looking forward to seeing you.
 我们期待见到你。
 （5）look into调查
 the police are looking into the matter.
 警察正在调查这件事。
 (6)look up to sb.  尊敬
 we should look up to the old. 
 我们应该尊敬老人。
 (7)look on 旁观
 only one man tried to help us. the rest just looked on in silence.
 只有一个人试图帮助我们，其余的只是在旁观。
 必背句型
 要点1　so +adj. that... 倒装句型
 【例题】（XX江苏，35）_______about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to madagascar for further research.
 a. so curious the couple was
 b. so curious were the couple
 c. how curious the couple were
 d. the couple was such curious
 解析:本题考查倒装句型。本句意为“这对夫妇对野生植物是如此的好奇，于是他们决定去马达加斯加岛作深入研究”。so...that句型中的so位于句首时，需用部分倒装。12345
 答案:b
归纳与迁移
 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分，如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。
 never have i seen such a performance.
 我从来没有看过这种表演。
 if you won’t go, neither will i.
 如果你不去，我也不去。
 only in this way, can you learn english well.
 只有这种方式你才能学好英语。
 要点2　-ing形式作定语和宾语补足语句型
 【例题】 there was a terrible noise _______the sudden burst of light.
 a. followed
 b. following
 c. to be followed
 d. be followed
 解析:本句意为：“有一阵可怕的噪音正随着光的突然闪动而出现”。所以应用v.-ing形式作定语，表动作正在进行，并表示噪音主动伴着光的突然闪动而出现。following可转换成定语从句which was following。
 答案:b
归纳与迁移
 （1）单个v.-ing作定语时，通常放在被修饰的名词前面。v.-ing作定语所表示的动作或行为是其所修饰的名词发出的，在意义上表示主谓关系；或者表示名词的用途，相当于for短语。
 a sleeping baby=a baby who is sleeping 一个睡着的婴儿
 a sleeping car=a car for sleeping 卧车
 （2）如果是v.-ing短语，则放在被修饰的名词后面，它可以改成一个进行时态或一般时态的定语从句。
 there are a lot of boys in the field playing (=who are playing) football.
 球场上有许多正在踢足球的男孩。
 the large building being built (=which is being built) down the street will be a hospital.
 沿街正在建的大楼将是一家医院。
 （3）v.-ing在复合宾语中作宾语补足语，可带这种复合宾语的动词有：see, observe, hear, notice, find, have, get, keep, catch, leave等。它强调宾语的动作是主动的，又是正在进行的；宾语和宾语补足语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。
 we heard her singing in her room.
 我们听见她在她的房间里唱歌。
 he saw a girl getting on the tractor.
 他看见一个女孩正在上拖拉机。
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