八年级上册英语课堂10分钟人教版|八年级英语上册1-10分单元知识点整理

八年级英语教案 2013-01-03 网络整理 晴天

【jiaoan.jxxyjl.com--八年级英语教案】

unit 1   where did you go on vacation?(谈论假期生活,一般过去时)
unit 2   how often do you exercise?(谈论生活习惯,一般现在时)
unit 3   i"m more outgoing than my sister(谈论事物对比, 形容词比较级)
unit 4   what"s the best movie theater?(谈论事物比较,形容词最高级)
unit5   do you want to watch a game show?(谈论内心想法,一般现在时)
unit6   i’m going to study computer science.(谈谈生活的目标,一般将来时)
unit7   will people have robots?(对将来生活的预言,一般将来时)
unit8   how do you make a banana milk shake?(描述进程,祈使句)
unit9   can you come to my party?(学习邀请,作出、接受和拒绝邀请,学习表请求的句子)
unit10  if you go to the party, you’ll have a great time.(作出决定,学习if的条件状语从句)
 unit 1 where did you go on vacation?
第一单元主要点:
①复习一般过去时②复合不定代词的用法③反身代词的用法④系动词的用法⑤动词后的to do和doing 的区别
⑥ed形容词和ing形容词的区别⑦“近义词”的区别⑧本单元中的主谓一致现象⑨动词过去式的构成及不规则动词表
⑩用同义短语转换同义句时谓语动词形式一致性的培养。⑾感叹句的结构和连词的选择。
一、词组、短语:

1、go on vacation去度假  ,
2、 stay at home  呆在家,
3、go to the mountains  上山/进山 ,
4、 go to the beach到海边去,
5、visit museums 参观博物馆,
6、go to summer camp 去夏令营,
7、 quite a few 相当多,
8、study for为……学习,
9、go out 出去,
10、most of the time  大部分时间/绝大多数时间,
11、taste good 尝起来味道好,
12、have a good time玩的开心,
13、of course当然可以,
14、feel like感觉像……/想要,
15、 go shopping购物,
16、in the past 在过去,
17、walk around绕……走,
18、too many 太多(可数名词前面),
19、because of  因为,
20、one bowl of  一碗……,
21、find out 查出来/发现 ,
22、go on继续,
23、take photos  照相,
24、something important重要的事情,
25、up and down上上下下,
26、come up出来

二、重要句子(语法):
where did you go on vacation?你到哪里去度假了?i went to new york city.我去了纽约城
did you go out with anyone?  你出去带人吗?
no, no one was here. everyone was on vacation.不,没有人在这儿。大家度去度假了。
did you buy anything special?你买了什么特别的东西吗?
yes, i bought something for my father.对,我给父亲买了一些东西。
how was the food? 食物怎么样?          everything tasted really good.每一样东西真的都好吃。
did everyone have a good time?大家玩的开心吗? oh, yes. everything was excellent.对,一切都很精彩。12345678910111213141516171819
三、习惯用法、搭配
1. buy sth. for ab./ buy sb. sth.  为某人买某物     2. taste + adj. 尝起来……
3. nothing ….but + v.(原形) 除了……之外什么都没有
4. seem + (to be) + adj  看起来          5. arrive in + 大地方 / arrive at + 小地方 到达某地
6. decide to do sth. 决定做某事          7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事 / try to do sth. 尽力做某事
8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事          9. want to do sth. 想去做某事
10. start doing sth. 开始做某事          11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事
12. look + adj 看起来                  13. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事
14. why not do sth. 为什么不做…….呢?  15. so + adj + that + 从句    如此……以至于……
16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人(不要) 做某事      17. keep doing sth.   继续做某事
18. forget to do sth.  忘记去做某事 / forget doing sth  忘记做过某事
四、词语辨析:
1.where did you go on vacation?  你去哪里度假了?(p1)
1)这是有疑问副词where引导的特殊疑问句,where用来询问地点和场所,放在句首。
a._____ do you _____ ______?你从哪里来?    b._____does he______?他住在哪里?
2)go on vacation意为“去度假”。
i want ____ ____ ____ ____in hainan this winter.今年冬天我想去海南度假。
2.visited my uncle  看望了我的叔叔(p1)
visit是及物动词,意为“拜访;探望”,后接表示人的名词或代词。
visit还可以意为“参观;游览”,后接表示地点的名词。
a.i visited my grandmother last week.  上周我去______了我的外婆。
b.do you want to visit shanghai?     你想______上海吗?
拓展:visitor意为“参观者;游客”。
eg: these visitors come from america._______________________
3.buy anything special  买特别的东西。(p2)
1)buy及物动词,意为“买;购买”。其过去式为______。
         拓展:buy sth. for sb.=buy sb. sth. 意为“给某人买某物”。
my uncle_____ _____a bike.= my uncle_____ _____for me.
2)anything不定代词,意为“某事;某件东西”,主要用于疑问句或否定句中。
a.do you want anything from me?          b.i can’t say anything about it.
3) anthing special表示“特别的东西”,形容词修饰不定代词时后置。
  is there________ ________in this book?这本书里有新的内容吗?
4.oh, did you go anywhere interesting?哦,你去有趣的地方了吗?(p2)12345678910111213141516171819
1)本句是did开头的一般疑问句         2)anywhere用作副词,意为“在任何地方”。
eg:did you go anywhere during the summer vacation?
辨析:anywhere与somewhere
     anywhere意为“在任何地方”,常用于否定句和疑问句中。 eg:i can’t find it anywhere.
     somewhere意为“在某处;到某处”,常用于肯定句中。 eg:i lost my key somewhere near here.
5.we took quite a few photos there.我们在那里拍了不少照片。(p2)
     take photos 意为“照相;拍照”。 eg:we______ ______on the great wall.我们在长城上照了相。
辨析:quite a few与quite a little
      quite a few 意为“很多;不少”,修饰可数名词复数;
quite a little 意为“很多;不少”,修饰不可数名词。
a. he stays here for _____ _____ _____days. 
b.there is _____ _____ _____water in the bottle(瓶子).
6. i just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax. 我大部分时间只是待在家里读书休息。 (p2)
     most of the time意为“大部分时间”,其中most为代词,意为“大部分;大多数”。
拓展most of…意为“……中的大多数”,它作主语时,谓语动词取决于most of后所修饰的名词。
a. most of us_____(be)going to the park. 我们大多数人要去公园。
b. most of the food_____(go)bad. 大部分的食物都变质了。
7.everything tasted really good!所有的东西尝起来真的很好吃!(p3)
     taste在此为系动词,意为“尝起来”,其后接形容词构成系表结构。
a.the food tastes really great.食物尝起来棒极了。
8. did everyone have a good time?大家都玩得很开心吗?(p3)
     have a good time = enjoy oneself = have fun 玩得开心 (+ doing)
eg: we had a good time visiting the the great wall.
= we enjoyed ourselves visiting the the great wall.= we had fun visiting the the great wall.
9.how did you like it?  你觉得它怎么样?(p3)
how do/did you like……? 意为“你觉得……怎么样?”,用来询问对方的观点或看法,相当于
what do you think of……?
eg: how do you like your new job?  = _____ _____ _____ _____ your new job?
10.did you go shopping?  你们去购物了吗?(p3)
go shopping意为“去购物;去买东西”,同义短语为do some shopping.
 eg: i usually go shopping on sundays.我通常星期天去购物。
拓展:“go+doing”形式表示“去做某事”,常用于表达从事某一体育活动或休闲活动。
go skating 去滑冰     go hiking 去               go sightseeing 去观光                                    12345678910111213141516171819
go fishing 去钓鱼    go swimming 去游泳        go boating 去划船
11.i went to a friend’s farm in the countryside with my family.我和家人一起去了乡下一个朋友的农场。(p3)
a friend’s farm是名词所有格形式。
一般情况下,表示“有生命的人或物”的名词后面加’s,表示所属关系。
eg:the red bike is alice’s. 那辆红色的自行车是爱丽斯的。
拓展:名词所有格的构成:
1)单数名词词尾加’s ,复数名词词尾没有s,也要加’s   
the girl ‘s pen女孩的钢笔         women’s shoes女鞋         on children’s day
2)复数名词以s结尾的只加 ’
the students’ reading room学生阅览室               teachers’ day教师节
3)如果两个名词并列,并且分别有’s,则表示“分别有”;只后一个名词有一个’s,则表示“共有”:
  john’s and kate’s rooms.  约翰和凯特(各自)的房间。 
lily and lucy’s father.   莉莉和露西的爸爸(同一个爸爸)。
4)表示无生命的名词一般以...of...构成短语,表示所有关系。
  a map of china一幅中国地图              the name of the story那个故事的名字
12. still no one seemed to be bored. (即使这样)仍然没有人看起来无聊。(p3)
1)seem意为“好像;似乎;看来”。
eg:everything seems easy.一切似乎很容易。
拓展a. seem+adj. “看起来……”。     you seem happy today.你今天看起来很高兴。
b. seem+to do sth. “似乎,好像做某事”。      i seem to have a cold.我似乎感冒了。
c. it seems/seemed+从句 “看起来好像…;似乎…”。it seems that no one believes you.看起来好像没有人相信你。
2)辨析:bored与boring
a. bored意为“厌烦的;感到无聊的”,一般在句中修饰人。
b. boring意为“无聊的;令人厌烦的”,一般在句中修饰事或物。
eg:a. i’m ______with what he said.我对他说的话厌烦极了。
b. i find the story very_______.我发现这个故事太无聊了。
(二)section b
1.  what activities do you find enjoyable? 你发现什么活动让人快乐?(p5)
1)activities是activity的复数形式,意为“活动”。
students like outdoor activities.  ____________________________
2)enjoyable形容词,意为“愉快的;快乐的”。
  i’m sure we will have an enjoyable vacation.  我确信我们将会有一个愉快的假期。
2. i arrived in penang in malaysia this morning with my family. 今天早上我和家人到达了马来西亚的槟城。(p5
arrive不及物动词,意为“到达”。arrive in表示到达较大的地方,如国家、省、市等;arrive at表示到达
较小的地方,如机场、商店、广场、村庄等。(注:地点副词home,here,there前介词省略)12345678910111213141516171819
辨析:①arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点    ②get to +地点     ③reach+地点
eg:i                     (到达) school at 8:00 o’clock yesterday.
3. …so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel… 因此我们决定到旅馆附近的海滩上去。(p5)
decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”。 eg: they _____ ______ ______the museum.他们决定去参观博物馆。
拓展:decide后常跟“疑问词+动词不定式”做宾语。he can’t decide when ______ _____(leave) 他不能决定何时动身。
4. my sister and i tried paragliding.姐姐和我尝试了滑翔伞运动。(p5)
  try此处用作及物动词,其后常接名词、动名词或不定式,意为“尝试;试图,设法;努力”
  she is trying my bicycle.她正在试骑我的自行车。
拓展:try也可用作名词,意为“尝试”,常用短语“have a try”,意为“试一试”。
      i want to have a try.我想试一试。
辨析:try doing sth. / try to do sth.
1)try doing sth. 尝试做某事,表示一种尝试、做做看的想法,不一定付出很多努力。
2)try to do sth.尽力、设法去做某事,表示想尽一切办法要把事情办成,强调付出努力设法去完成。
 a. i ______  ______ him, but no one answered. 我试着给他打电话了,但没有人接听。
 b. i’m  ______  ______  ______ english well. 我正尽力把英语学好。
5.  i felt like i was a bird. it was so exciting! 我感觉自己就像一只小鸟。太刺激了!(p5)
1)feel like意为“给……的感觉;感受到”。其后常接从句。
eg: he feels like he is swimming. 他感觉像在游泳一样。
拓展:feel like还可意为“想要……”,其后可接名词、代词或动名词。即:
feel like sth. 想要某物        feel like doing sth. 想要做某事
eg:do you feel like a cup of tea now? 你现在想要一杯茶吗?
do you feel like ______ (take) a walk in the park with me? 你想跟我在公园散步吗?
2)辨析:exciting与excited
exciting  意为“令人兴奋的,使人激动的”, 一般修饰某物。
excited  意为“感到兴奋的,激动的”,  一般修饰某人。
eg:a.the story is_________(exciting, excited) . 
    b.he told me the_______(exciting, excited)news.
                     c.sarah was_______(exciting, excited)to see the singer.
6. there are a lot of new buildings now…现在有许多新的建筑物……(p5)
building  可数名词,意为“建筑物;楼房”。
build 动词,“建造,建筑” (built,built),
the workers built many tall buildings in our school last year.12345678910111213141516171819
7. i wonder what life was like here in the past. 我想知道在这儿过去的生活是什么样的。(p5)
wonder此处是及物动词,意为“想知道;琢磨”。其后常接who, what, why等疑问词引导的宾语从句。
 eg:1.i wonder _______________. 我想知道那个男孩是谁。a. the boy is who   b. who the boy is
     2. i wonder what they were doing here.我想知道他去哪里了。
8.i really enjoyed walking around the town. 我真的很喜欢在镇上到处走走。 (p5)
1)enjoy及物动词,意为“喜爱;欣赏;享受……的乐趣”,其后接名词,代词或动名词作宾语。
 a. do you enjoy your job? 你喜欢你的工作吗? 
 b. i enjoy reading books. 我喜欢读书。(enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事)
拓展: enjoy oneself =have a good time = have fun 玩得开心 (+ doing sth.)
2)walk around 意为“四处走走”。he’s just walking around the village.他只是在村庄里随便走走。
9. what a difference a day makes! 一天的变化有多大呀! (p5)
difference可数名词,意为“差别,差异” ;其形容词形式为different,意为“不同的;有差异的”。
eg: a. what is the difference between this book and that book?
b. my schoolbag is different from yours.    ( be different from  意为“与……不同”)
10. we wanted to walk up to the top , but then it started raining a little so we decided to take the train.(p5)
1)want to do sth. 意为“想要做某事”。
2)start doing sth. 意为“开始做某事”,同义短语:start to do sth.
eg: tom started learning english last year.
3)a little 意为“一点儿”,在句中修饰动词、形容词或副词。也可以修饰不可数名词。
eg: a. i can draw a little, but only as a hobby. ______________________________
b. it’s a little cold outside.  ______________________________
c. he can speak a little english. ______________________________
       4) take the train意为“乘火车”,take在此意为“乘坐”。
11.we waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people. 因为人太多,所以我们等了一个
多小时的火车。(p5)
1)wait for意为“等候”,其后可接人或物。
tom was waiting for a bus over there.
2)over介词,意为“多于;超过” ,相当于more than。
eg : my father is over 40 years old.    
    there are over eight hundred students in our school.
3)  too many意为“太多”,其后接可数名词复数。 he always has too many questions to ask me.
辨析:too many + 可数名词复数       意为“太多... ”
too much + 不可数名词           意为“太多... ”
much too + 形容词                   意为“太... ”12345678910111213141516171819
eg:i have                    homework to do today.
12.and because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see anything below.而且因为坏天气,我们也没能看到下面的
任何景色(p5)
辨析:because of与because
a. because of意为“因为,由于”,后可接名词、代词或动名词,不能接句子
he lost his job because of his age.
b. because意为“因为”,引导状语从句,即接句子
i didn’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.
13. my father didn’t bring enough money… 我爸爸没带足够的钱……(p5)
1)辨析:bring与take 
bring意为“带来;拿来”, 指从别处带到说话者所在地。
take意为“拿走;带走”, 指从说话者所在地带到别处去。
2)enough 意为“足够的,充分的”
1.用来修饰形容词或副词,一般置于被修饰词之后。
2.用来修饰名词时可放在形容词前面或后面。
eg:a. we have enough time to do our homework.
 b. the box is big enough.
14. …because we forgot to bring an umbrella… 因为我们忘了带雨伞。(p6)
      辨析:forget to do sth.与forget doing sth.       
forget to do sth.  意为“忘记要做某事(事情还没做)”       eg: don’t forget to close the window.
forget doing sth.  意为“忘记做过某事(事情已经做过了)”  eg: i forget closing the window.
15. about one hour later, we stopped and drank some tea. 大约一小时后,我们停下来喝了些茶。(p6)
1)one hour later  一小时后 ;  一小时前__________________
2)stop动词,意为“停止;中断”,过去式_________,现在分词__________;
3)drink及物动词,意为“喝;饮”; 还可以作名词,意为“饮料”。
16. did you dislike anything? 你不喜欢什么东西吗?(p7)
   dislike意为“不喜欢;厌恶”,其后可接名词、代词或动名词形式作宾语。
eg:a. mary ______  the hamburgers. 玛丽不喜欢汉堡包。 
b. i  _____  ______  computer  我不喜欢玩电脑游戏。
17. why not?   为什么不带呀?(p8)
   why not意为“为什么不呢”,一般用在疑问句中,表示提建议;why not后面需跟动词原形。
注“why not + 动词原形?” 相当于“why don’t you+ 动词原形?”
  a. why not go to the party with me? =why don’t you go to the party with me?为什么不和我一起去参加聚会呢?
  b._____  _____ take a walk? =   _____  ______  _____ take a walk?  为什么不去散步呢?
18.everyone in our class took a bag with some food and water. 我们班上的每一个人都随身带了装有食物和水的提袋。(p8)
  with介词,意为“具有;带有”。 此处介词短语with some food and water作bag的后置定语。12345678910111213141516171819
  拓展:with作介词时的其他用法:
a.“和……一起’     i often go to school ______ my friend. 我经常和朋友们一起去上学。
b. 以(手段、材料),用(工具),   cut the apple with a knife. 用刀切苹果。
19. my legs were so tired that i wanted to stop.  我的双腿太累了以至于我都想停下来。(p8)
   so…that… / such…that…(如此…以致)引导的结果状语从句
so+adj./adv.+that…                                
eg:1. he is ____lovely a boy____we love him very much.
2. the little boy is so young that he can’t go to school.  _________________________________
20. 常用的感叹句的结构:
1)what +adj.+ 复数名词 / 不可数名词+主语+谓语!   
2)what +a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!
3)how +adj. +a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!
4)how+adj./adv. +主语+谓语! 
eg: 1.what an interesting book it is!  =  how interesting a book is!  那本书多么有趣啊!
 2.____a clever girl she is!              a.who    b.what  c.how   d.where
3. _____clever a girl she is!             a.who     b.what   c.how  d.where
4._____important jobs they have done!    a.what    b.who  c.how d.where
5._____sweet water it is!               a.who     b.what  c.where d. how
6._____interesting the dog is!           a.who     b.what c. where d. how
21. my classmates told me to keep going, so i went on. 我的同学告诉我坚持往前走,因此我便继续前
进了(p8)
1)tell sb. (not)to do sth. 意为“告诉某人(不要)做某事。
  the teacher ______ ______  ______ ______ the window just now. 老师刚才告诉我们擦窗户。
2)keep doing sth. 意为“继续做某事,一直做某事”。
she______  ______ tv for two hours last night. 昨晚她持续看了两个小时的电视。
23. everyone jumped up and down in excitement.  大家都兴奋地跳起来。(p8)
up and down 意为“上上下下;来来回回”,在句中作状语。
eg:they looked me ______ ______ ______.  他们上上下下打量我。
    he walks______ ______ ______ in the room. 他在房间里来回走动。12345678910111213141516171819
22. 反身代词:myself , ourselves, yourself , yourselves, himself,  herself, itself, themselves.
   作动词或介词的宾语:经常在enjoy, teach, hurt, buy, introduce, dress, kill等动词和by, for, to, of等介词后作宾语。一年主考宾语回自身
he is teaching himself english.她在自学英语。
she was talking to herself.她自言自语。
he lives by himself in the country.他独自住在乡下。
1)  help yourself! 请随便吃吧!/请自己去取吧!
2)  make yourself at home! 别客气!
3)  make yourself heard /understood. 使你的话被人听得见/理解
4)  teach oneself 自学=learn by oneself
5)  by oneself 独自
6)  for oneself 为自己;替自己
7)  enjoy oneself 玩的愉快
8)  dress oneself 给自己穿衣
23.few, little, a few, a little :的用法few, a few修饰可数名词,little, a little修饰不可数名词。few, little具有否定意义,表示“几乎没有”,a few, a little具有肯定意义,表示“一些”。
he has little money, but few students want to lend money to him.他几乎没有钱,但是几乎没有学生想借钱给他。
there is a little milk and a few apples left in the fridge.冰箱里还有一些牛奶和一些苹果。
unit 2 how often do you exercise?
一、词组、短语:

1、help with housework 帮助做家务活,
2、go shopping 购物,
3、on weekends 在周末,
4、how often 多久一次,
5、hardly ever几乎不,
6、once a week 每周一次,
7、twice a month每月二次,
8、go to the movies去看电影,
9、every day 每天,
10、use the internet上网/用网,
11、be free有空,
12、have dance and piano lessons 上舞蹈钢琴课  ,
13、swing dance摇摆舞   
14、play tennis 打网球,
15、stay up late熬夜,
16、at least至少,     
17、go to bed early 早睡,
18、 play sports 锻炼身体,
19、be good for 对…有好处,
20、go camping去野营,
21、in one’s free time 在某人的空闲时间,
22、not….at all  根本不,  
23、the most popular 最流行, 
24、such as例如,    
25、go to the dentist去看牙医,
26、more than  超过/多于,
27、old habits die hard.旧习惯难改。
28、 hard=difficult 困难的 , 
29、less than 少于/不到

二、重要句子(语法):
what do you usually do on weekends?你周末通常做什么?   i always exercise.总是锻炼身体。
what do they do on weekends?他们周末干什么?   they often help with housework.他们经常帮助干家务活。
what does she do on weekends? 她周末干什么?     she sometimes goes shopping.她有时购物。
how often do you go to the movies? 你多久看电影一次?
i go to the movies maybe once a month.可能一个月看一次。
how often does he watch tv? 他多久看电视一次?he hardly ever watches tv.他几乎不看电视。12345678910111213141516171819
do you go shopping? 你购物吗?     no, i never go shopping.不,我从来就不购物。
三、习惯用法、搭配
1. help sb. with sth   帮助某人做某事
2. how about…? =what about…?  ….怎么样?/ ….好不好?
3. want sb. to do sth.  想让某人做某事
4. how many + 可数名词复数+ 一般疑问句    ….有多少…..
5. 主语+ find+ that 从句      …发现…       
6. it’s + adj.+ to do sth.   做某事是….的
7. spend time with sb.    和某人一起度过时光   
8. ask sb. about sth.   向某人询问某事
9. by doing sth.    通过做某事        
10. what’s your favorite…..?   你最喜欢的……是什么?
11 start doing sth.    开始做某事      
12. the best way to do sth.  做某事的最好方式
四、词语辨析
section a
1. help with housework   帮助做家务 (教材第9页)
(1) help with sth. 意为“帮助做某事”拓展:help sb. with sth.= help sb. (to) do sth.  帮助某人做某事
eg: i often help him with his english.= i often help him (to) learn english.  我经常帮他学习英语。
(2)housework 意为“家务劳动”。不可数名词。
1. they have               housework to do.a. many           b. much
2. sometimes 有时(教材第9页)
辨析:sometimes ,some times ,sometime , some time
sometimes  有时候。=at times也是“有时”的意思。提问用how often
some times  几次。time作可数名词时可作“次数”解;表示“时间”时是不可数名词。how mang times
sometime  某个时候。可指过去或将来的某个时候。提问用when
some time  一段时间。常与for连用。对它提问用how long 。
口诀记忆:分开“一段时间” ;相聚“某个时候”。
eg:sometimes i get up very late.  有时我起床很晚。
i will go to shanghai sometime next week.  下周某个时候我要去上海。
he reads the story some times.  他读这个故事几遍了。
i’ll stay here for some time.  我将会在这儿呆一段时间。
练习:
① we plan to stay in hainan for                                  .   我们打算在海南呆一段时间。
② i am sure that we have met                                  before. 我肯定我们之前见过几次了。12345678910111213141516171819
③ i                                 have letters from him.  有时我会收到他的来信。
3. hardly ever  几乎不 (教材第9页)
hardly ever相当于hardly         eg:there is hardly any food left. 几乎没有食物剩下。
辨析:hardly 与hard
hardly  几乎不,一般位于动词之前。   hard  努力,位于动词之后。
eg:he hardly works.  他几乎不工作。  he works hard.  他工作努力。
4. use the internet  用互联网(教材第10页)
use sth. to do sth.  用某物做某事eg:i use a knife to cut bread.  我用刀切面包。
短语:on the internet  在网上   , surf the internet  网上冲浪,上网
5. what’s your favorite program? 你最喜欢的节目是什么?(教材第10页)
句型:what’s your favorite...?=what... do you like best?你最喜欢的......是什么?
1.what’s your favorite animal?你最喜欢的动物是什么?= __________________________________________
6. are you free next week? 你下周有空吗?(教材第10页)
free 意为“空闲的,有空的”,反义词busy。 be free 意为“闲着,有空”
eg::he is free now.他现在有空。
拓展:free还可译为“免费的”
eg:the tickets are free. 票是免费的。
7.  ... next week is quite full for me...     …下周对我来说相当忙… (教材第10页)
quite full  很忙,相当忙.
拓展:①full 还可译为“满的,充满的”。
eg:the bus was full when they got there. 翻译________________________________________
②full 还可译为“饱的”。
eg:i can’t eat any more,i am quite full. 我不能再吃了,我相当饱了。
8.  how come? 怎么会? 怎么回事?表示某件事情很奇怪,有点想不通;可单独使用,也可引导一个问句, 相当于疑问句 why, 但 how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语序。
how come tom didn’t come to the party? = why didn’t tom come to the party?
9. i have dance and piano lessons. 我要上舞蹈课和英语课。(教材第10页)
have 在此意为“上……课”。
eg: they’re having an english lesson.  他们正在上英语课。
扩展:have lessons 上课  ,  lesson one  第一课
10. well ,how about tuesday? 哦,那周二呢?(教材第10页)
how about...?  (=what about...?) 意为“……怎么样?”,用来征求对方的意见。
eg: how about this book?  这本书怎样?
how / what about doing sth. ...?   做……怎么样?
eg:---what will we do on sunday? 星期天我们什么?
---how about visiting the museum? 去参观博物馆咋样?
1. it’s sunny today,what about ________(play)tennis?12345678910111213141516171819
11. i go to the movies maybe once a month.  我大概每月去看一次电影。(教材第11页)
go to the movies ________________
maybe 意为“也许,大概,可能”,常位于句首。
eg:maybe he knows tom.   也许他认识tom。
辨析:maybe 和may be
maybe  “也许,大概,可能”。(一般放句首)
maybe you are right.  也许你是对的。
may be “可能是,也许是”。 为“情态动词+be动词”结构。(位于句中)
you may be right. 你也许是对的。
1. lily                         an english teacher.   lily可能是一名英语老师。
=________________________________________
12. he plays at least twice a week.  他至少每周踢两次(球)。(教材第11页)
at least 意为“至少”。其反义词为at most “最多”。
eg:there are at least 1,500 students in our school. _____________________________________。
section b
1. but my mother wants me to drink it. 但我妈妈想让我喝它。(教材第12页)
want sb. to do sth. 意为“想让某人做某事”,否定形式为want sb. not to do sth. 意为“不想让某人做某事”。
eg:she wants me to bring him some pens.  她想让我给她带些钢笔。
拓展:1.want sth. 想要某物do you want any story books?你想要些故事书吗?
2.want to do sth. 想要做某事i want to visit my uncle.  我想去看望我的叔叔。
do you want                    (tell)me anything?
2. she says it’s good for my health. 她说它对我的健康有好处。(教材第12页)
be good for 意为“对……有益”。反义词为be bad for “对……有害”。
eg: vegetables are good for you.  蔬菜对你有好处。
拓展:be good at   擅长...     be good at doing sth. 擅长做...
1.i am good at                    (play)basketball.
3. last month we asked our students about their free time activities. 上个月我们向学生询问了他们
业余活动的情况。(教材第12页)
ask sb. about sth.  “询问某人关于某事”
eg:i asked my teacher about today’s homework. ____________________________________。
4. here are the results.  这是(调查)结果。(教材第13页)
here 位于句首,句子要倒装。当主语是名词性短语时,要用全倒装,即“here +谓语+主语”;当主语是人称代词时,要用半倒装,即“here+ 主语+谓语”。
eg:here is your jacket.  这是你的夹克。here he comes. 他来到这儿。here comes the bus. 汽车来了。
5.…twenty percent students don’t exercise at all.  …百分之20的学生根本不锻炼。(教材第13页)12345678910111213141516171819
①. 百分数由percent来表示,构成:基数词+percent 。
eg:seventy percent of the boys like playing computer games. 男生中70%喜欢完电脑游戏。
② not... at all  意为“一点儿也不,根本不”。
eg:i don’t  know about it at all.  对那件事我一点也不知道。
拓展:not at all = you are welcome 意为“不用谢,不客气”。
eg:--thank you for your help.                 --not at all.
6. although many students like to watch sports,game shows are the most popular. 尽管许多学生喜
欢看运动类节目,但游戏类节目是最受欢迎的。(教材第13页)
although  连词。意为“虽然,尽管”。but 意为“但是”。英语中,although与but不能同时使用。
eg:although it rained,the boys still played outside.
= it rained,but the boys still played outside.   尽管天下雨了,但男孩们仍在外面玩耍。
1. my cousin knows a lot about geography,                  he is only four years old.
a. because                     b. so                        c. although
7. it is good to relax by using the internet or watching game shows. 通过上网或看游戏类节目是很好
的放松方式。(教材第13页)
句中it 为形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。此句型结构为:it’s+adj+(for sb.)+to do sth.  意为 “(对某人来说)做某事是……的”。
eg:it’s very important to listen carefully in class.  上课认真听讲很重要。
it’s easy for us to swim.  对我们来说游泳很容易。
it’s very hard for him to study english. _____________________________________
---i often have hamburgers for unch.
---you’d better not. it’s bad for you                     too much junk food.
a.eat               b.to eat               c.eating            d. ate
8.exercise such as playing sports is fun,and you can spend time with your friends and family as
you play together.  比如进行体育活动这方面的锻炼就是有趣的,当你们一起运动的时候你
可以和朋友、家人一起度过时光。(教材第13页)
such as  意为“比如,例如”。12345678910111213141516171819
eg: i have a lot of hobbies, such as reading and singing. 我有许多爱好,比如读书和唱歌。
spend  意为“度过” 或“花费(时间、金钱)”。
eg: come and spend the weekend with us.  来和我们一起度过周末吧。
重点:① spend time\money on sth.   在......上花费时间或金钱
he didn’t spend much time on his homework.  他没在作业方面花很多时间。
i spend 200 yuan on a new coat.  ____________________________________
② spend time\money (in) doing sth. 花费时间或金钱做某事
don’t spend too much time watching tv.  不要花费太多时间看电视。
he always spend his time playing football.  ________________________________
eg: i enjoy playing computer games,but i can’t              too much time              that.
a.take, doing      b.spend, doing   \c.spend, for doing     d.take, to do
9. however,she has some bad habits,too.  然而她也有一些坏习惯。(教材第15页)
however 意为“然而,不过”。可以位于句首、句中、句末。但要用逗号与句子的其他部分隔开。
eg: she was ill. however, she still went to work.  她病了,然而她依然去上班。
辨析:but和however
but 并列连词 “然而,但是”。 可直接连接前后两个句子,表转折关系。
however 副词 “然而,但是”。 不能直接连接句子,必须用逗号与句子隔开。
eg:1.it began to rain,                    ,we went out to look for the boy. 天开始下雨了,但我们还是出去寻找那个男孩了。
2. it a sunny morning,               very cold.  这是个晴朗的早晨,但是却很冷。
10.she usually watches tv for more than two hours a day.  她通常每天看两个多小时的电视。(教材第15页)
more than 相当于over。意为“超过,多余”。
there are more than XX books.  ________________________________
11. she says she is afraid.  她说她害怕。(教材第15页)
afraid 意为“担心的,害怕的”。
①.be afraid to do sth.  害怕做某事          eg:i am afraid to travel by plane. 我害怕乘飞机旅行。
②.be afraid of sb.\ sth.  害怕某人\某物
be afraid of doing sth.  害怕做某事       eg:she is afraid of the dog.  她害怕那只狗。
don’t be afraid of asking questions.  不要怕问问题。
be afraid to do sth.=                                                 害怕做某事12345678910111213141516171819
12. less than six.  少于6小时。(教材第16页)
less than 意为“不到,少于”。其反义词为 more than \ over “多余,超过”
eg:she sleeps less than seven hours every night.  他每晚的睡眠时间不到7小时。
we know tom for                          20 years.  我们认识tom超过20年了
13.  how often 多久一次,用来提问动作发生的频率。回答用:once,twice, three times 等词语。
how often do you play sports?   three times a week.
how long  多长,用来询问多长时间,也可询问某物有多长。
how long does it take to get to shanghai from here?  how long is the ruler?
how for 多远, 用来询问距离,指路程的远近。 how far is it from here to the park?  it’s about 2 kilometers.
14.stay up late  指“熬夜到很晚,迟睡”。 don’t stay up late next time.
stay up 指“熬夜,不睡觉”。 he stayed up all night to write his story.
15.find + 宾语 +名词, 发现  : we have found him (to be) a good boy.
find + 宾语 + 形容词, 发现: he found the room dirty.
find + 宾语 + 现在分词, 发现 : i found her standing at the door.
find +it +形容词+to do sth. i found it difficult to work out this math proble.
unit 3  i’m more outgoing than my sister
一、词组、短语:

1. more outgoing  更外向/更开朗,
2. as...as...与……一样,
3. the singing competition  歌咏比赛,
4. the most important最重要的,
5. be talented in music   在音乐方面有天赋,
6. the same as与……相同
7. care about 关心/留意/关注,
8. be different from与…不同,
9. be like a mirror 像一面镜子,                     
10. as long as与…一样长,
11. bring out显示/显出/生产/带来,
12. get better grade取得好成绩,
13. reach for伸手达到/达到
14. touch one’s heart 感动,
15. in fact  事实上,
16. make friends交朋友,
17. be good at 在某方面成绩好,
18. the other另一个,
19. be similar to  对…熟悉,                    
20. be good with与…和睦相处

二、重要句子:
1. sam has longer hair than tom.  萨姆的头发比汤姆的长。
2. she also sings more loudly than tara. 她 唱歌也比泰拉声音大。
3. nelly sang so well. 内莉唱得如此好。
4. for me, a good friend likes to do the same things as me.对于我来说,好朋友喜欢跟我做相同的事情。
5. who is smarter, your mother or your father ? 谁更聪明,你妈妈还是你爸爸?12345678910111213141516171819
6. it’s not necessary to be the same. 没有必要相同。
7. i think a good friend makes me laugh. 我认为好朋友会让我笑。
8. molly studies harder than her best friend. 莫莉比她更好的朋友学习更努力。
9. my mother told me a good friend is like a mirror.我妈妈告诉我好朋友就像一面镜子。
10. so we enjoy studying together. 因此我们喜欢在一起学习。
11. so it’s not easy for me to make friends. 因此对我来说交朋友不容易。
12. we both like sports. 我们两个都喜欢运动。
13. my best friend helps to bring out the best in me.我最好的朋友帮我把最好的方面 发掘出来。
14. larry is much less hard-working, so i always get better grades.拉里不如我用功,因此我总是取得更好的成绩。
15. huang lei isn’t as good at tennis as larry.  黄磊不如拉里擅长网球。
16.i’m shy so it’s not easy for me to make friends.
三、习惯用法、搭配
1. have fun doing sth.   享受做某事的乐趣  
2. want to do sth.    想要做某事
3. as + 形容词或副词的原级 + as    与…一样…  
4. be good at doing sth  擅长做某事
5. make sb. do sth.  让某人做某事
6. it’s+ 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.. 对某人来说,做某事是……的
语法:
is tom smarter than sam?  汤姆比萨姆更聪明吗?
no,he isn’t. sam is smarter than tom. 不是,萨姆比汤姆更聪明。
is tara more outgoing than tina?  tara比tina更开朗吗?
no, she isn’t. tina is more outgoing than tara. 不是,tina比tara更开。
are you as friendly as your sister? 你与你的姐姐一样友好吗?
no, i’m not. i’m friendlier.不是,我更友好。
does tara work as hard as tina?  tara与tina一样学习认真吗? yes, she does.是的。
who’s more hardworking at school?在学校谁更勤奋?
tina thinks she works harder than me. tina认为她比我更努力。
四、词语辨析laugh v. & n.  笑
we all laughed loudly when she made a joke. 她说了个笑话,我们都大声笑起来。
we all laughed at his joke. 听了他的笑话我们都笑起来。
he laughs best who laughs last. 谁笑在最后,谁笑得最好。/不要高兴得太早。
(与at连用)嘲笑
don’t laugh at him. 别嘲笑他。
people have often laughed at stories told by seamen. 人们常常嘲笑海员所讲的故事。
everyone laughed at his foolish antics. 大家都笑他那种愚蠢的滑稽动作。
笑;笑声     we had a good laugh at his joke. 我们被他的笑话逗得哈哈大笑。
though conj. 虽然;纵然;即使;尽管 = although
though it was raining,he went there. 虽然当时正下着雨,他还是到那里去了。
though he was poor he was happy. 虽然他很穷却很快乐。
注意:不能受汉语的影响,在though引导的从句后使用but。如:
though he was poor,but he was happy.(误)
though   adv.. 不过,可是,然而,常用于句末,用逗号隔开。12345678910111213141516171819
jim said that he would come, he didn’t , though.
语法讲解:
形容词与副词的比较级
1.规则变化单音节词和少数双音节词,加词尾-er,-est来构成比较级和最高级。
构成法
原级
比较级
最高级
一般单音节词末尾加-er,-est
tall(高的)
great(巨大的)
taller
greater
tallest
greatest
以不发音的e结尾的单音节词和少数以-le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st
nice(好的)
large(大的)
nicer
larger
nicest
largest
以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词,双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-er,-est
big(大的)
hot(热的)
bigger
hotter
biggest
hottest
“以辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,改y为i,再加-er,
-est
easy(容易的)
busy(忙的)
easier
busier
easiest
busiest
少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词末尾加-er,-est
clever(聪明的)
narrow(窄的)
cleverer
narrower
cleverest
narrowest
其他双音节词和多音节词,在前面加more,most来构成比较级和最高级
important(重要的)
easily(容易地)
more important
more easily
most important
most easily
2.不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
good(好的)well(健康的)
better
best
bad(坏的)ill(有病的)
worse
worst
old(老的)
older/elder
oldest/eldest
much/many(多的)
more
most
little(少的)
less
least
far(远的)
farther/further
farthest/furthest
1. peter likes to do the s ame things as me. 彼得喜欢和我做一样的事情。
my best friend larry is quite different from me. 我最好的朋友拉里和我很不一样。
(1)the same as...意为“与••••••相同”。例如:
my birthday is the same as tom’s. 我的生日与汤姆的一样。
i have the same school bag as yours. 我有一个和你一样的书包。
(2)different from...意为“和••••••不一样”,是the same as...的反义词组。
lucy is different from lily. 露西与莉莉不一样。
[拓展] difference 意为“不同;不用之处”,可做可数名词,也可用作不可数名词。例如:
there is no difference between the twins.那对双胞胎长得一模一样。
there are some differences between  tom and bob.
①life in the country is quite _______  that in the city.
  a. the same   b. different from   c. full of   d.the same as 
②is your pen _______ jim’s?
  a.same as    b.the same      c.the same with  d.the same as
③ there is not much  _______ (different) in price between the two coats.
④ 我的妹妹和我不一样。my sister  _______   _______   _______  me.
2.we both like sports. 我们两个都喜欢运动。 they are both tall. 他们两个都高。 (助后行前)
both 表示两者都, neither 表示两者都不。both of/neither of 表示“两者都/都不”。例如:
they both are students.= both of them are students.  他们两个都是学生。12345678910111213141516171819
the girls both like english.=both of the girls like english. 这两个女孩都喜欢英语。
neither of them is a doctor. 他们两个都不是医生。
① there are lots of colorful flowers on  _______ sides of the streets. a.each    b.both   c.either   d.all
② what are your parents?they       doctors.          a.are all    b.are both  c.all are   d.both are
③li lei and li ming          black hair.             a.have both b.both have c.has both d.both has
④both of them are doctors.(改为否定句)                 _______   _______ them _______  a doctor.
3.huang lei isn’t as good at tennis as larry. 黄磊不如拉里擅长网球。
 as ...as 与••••••一样        not as/so...as 不如••••••中间加形容词或副词的原级。例如:
he is as tall as tom. 他跟汤姆一样高。
she isn’t as outgoing as her sister. 她不如她的姐姐外向。
① jim is t welve years old. tim is twelve years old, too.(合并为同义句)jim is _______ _______ _______ tim.
② english is as easy as math.(改为否定句)english _______  _______ ______ ________ _______math.
③ write _______ and try not to make any mistakes.a.as careful as possible    b.more careful
                                          c.most careful               d.as carefully as you can
④do you think football is as _______ as basketball in america?
   a.most popular   b.the most popular   c.more popular  d. popular
⑤this math problem is _______that one.a.not so easy as b.more easy than c .as easier as d.easy than
4.however,larry is much less hard-working, so i always get better grades.然而拉里不如我用功,因此我总是取得更好的成绩。
(1)little 和much 都可用来修饰比较级,表示“更••••••一点,••••••得多”。例如:
he is a little shorter than you. 他比你少矮一点儿。12345678910111213141516171819
[拓展] 修饰比较级除了用a little,much外,还可用even(甚至),far(非常),a lot(非常),a bit(一点)等。
①this is my friend. he is outgoing than i am.a. much b.more much c.a little more  d.a lot of more
② she is _______ _______  _______(稍矮一点)than tom.
5.i think a good friend makes me laugh.我认为好朋友会使我笑。
make v. 制造;使;让。常用结构:make sb./ sth.+adj. 使/让某人/某事怎么样;make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事。
mother made a birthday cake for me.妈妈为我做了一个生日蛋糕。
the news makes everyone happy.这个消息使每个人都很快乐。
his mother made him finish the work alone.他妈妈让他一个人完成这项工作。
① the boss makes the worker _______10 hours every day.a.work   b.to work   c.working   d.works 
②mr bean enjoys  _______ jokes and often makes us  _______.
a.to tell; to laugh  b.tells; laugh   c.telling; laugh d.telling; laughing
③ his parents often make him _______ his homework till 10 pm.a.do   b.does   c.to do   d.doing
④这个消息使每个人都很快乐。the news _______everyone_______. 
6.who (do you think ) should get the job, jenny or jill?你认为谁应该得到这份工作,詹妮还是吉尔?
(1)本句是由“特殊疑问句+选项”构成的选择疑问句,“do you think”作插入语。
who do you think cleaned the classroom yesterday?你认为昨天是谁打扫的教室?
which bike do you think is tom’s, the new one or the old one?你认为哪辆自行车是汤姆的,那辆新的还是旧的呢?
what do you think makes me laugh?
⑴or 意为“或者;还是”,常用于选择疑问句中。例如:do you like math or english? 你喜欢数学还是英语?
① lucy ,do you think who _______ the shortest in your class?a.do   b.does   c.is    d.are
② which do you think _______ the longest river in china?a.is    b.are  c.am  d.be
③ who do you think _______ him clean the classroom yesterday?a.help    b.helped  c.helps  d.helping

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