[2020高考英语必备知识]2020高考英语备考单元知识搜索与探究归纳

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 自助式复习板块
 知识搜索 
a. 单词
 1.不一致，分歧         (n.)________________
 2.绝对地，完全地        (adv.)______________
 3.依靠，依赖         (v.)______________
 4.青少年          (n.)________________
 5.遍及，贯穿         (prep.)_____________
 6.功能，作用         (n.)_______________
 7.最近的          (adj.)______________
 8.提醒，使想起         (v.)______________
 9.约会，指定         (n.)________________
 10.行为，举止         (n.)________________
 11.病例，案例         (n.)________________
 12.紧急情况         (n.)________________
 13.依照          (prep.)_____________
 14.想不到的         (adj.)______________
 15.个别的，特别的        (adj.)______________
 16.负面的，消极的        (adj.)______________
 17.接见，会见         (n.)_______________
 18.部，局，系         (n.)_______________
 19.电           (n.)_______________
 20.击败          (v.)_____________
 21.和平的，平静的        (adj.)______________
 22.取得成功         (v.)_____________
 23.跳读，略过         (v.)_____________
 24.力量，暴力         (n.)_______________
 25.奇迹          (n.)_______________
 答案：1.disagreement　2.absolutely3.depend4.teenager　5.throughout　6.function　 7.latest　8.remind9.appointment10.behavior11.case　12.emergency　13.according　 14.unexpected　15.particular　16.negative17.interview　18.department　19.electricity　 20.defeat　21.peaceful　22.succeed　23.skip　24.force　25.wonder12345
b. 短语
 26.要求，需要 _______ ________
 27.与……保持联系 _______ _______ _________ ________
 28.假设，万一  _______ _______ _______
 29.提醒某人约会 _______ ________ ________ ________ ________
 30.毁掉，崩溃 _______ _______
 31.接管 _______ ________
 32.强迫某人做某事 _______ ________ _______ ________ ________
 33.对……挑剔 _______ _______ ______ ________
 34.根据，按照 _______ ________
 35.提出 _______ _______ _______
 36.通过武力 _______ _______
 37.遵守学校规定 ______ ______ _______
 38.同意不做某事 ______ ______ _______ ________ _______
 39.被允许做某事 ______ ______ _______ ________ _______
 40.不同意某事 ______ ______ _______
 答案：26.call for　27.stay in touch with　28.in case of29.remind sb. of an appointment　
 30.break down　31. take over32.force sb. to do sth.　33.be particular about sth.　
 34.according to　35.come up with　36.by force　37.obey school rules　
 38.agree not to do sth.　39.be allowed to do sth.　40. disagree with sth.
c. 句型
 41.到明天中午表应该可以修好的。
 the watch _______ _______ ______at noon tomorrow.
 42.新桥正在建设之中。
 the new bridge ______ ______ _______.
 43.他说手机可以帮助他做他想做的任何事情。
 he says the cell phone can help him do______ ______ ______ to do.
 答案：41.should be repaired　42.is being built　43.whatever he wants
d. 语法
 44. the construction workers are widening the xinmin road. 
  _________________________________________________
 45. the people throughout the country are reconstructing their motherland. 
___________________________________________________________
 答案：44. the xinmin road is being widened.
 45. the country is being reconstructed by its people.
 重难聚焦
 重点单词
 要点1　add
 【例题】 the tv tower in tianjin______the beauty of the city.
 a. adds up to　　　　　　　
 b. adds to
 c. is added to
 d. is added up to
 解析:a、d两项中“add up to”的意思是“总计达”；b项“add to”的意思是“增添”；c项“be added to”的意思是“被加到”；本句的意思是“天津电视塔增添了城市的美景”。
 答案:b
归纳与迁移
 (1) add. ..to...把……加到……
 if you add ten to ten,　you will get twenty.
 十加十等于二十。
 it is too salty,　would you please add some water to the soup?
 这汤太咸了，你能往里面加点水吗？
 （2）add to增添，增加，增进
 the fine day added to our pleasure.12345
 晴朗的天气使我们的精神更加愉快。
 （3）add up 加算，合计;add up to总计为，总数达
 he wrote down the weight of each stone and then added up all the weights.
 他把每一块石头的重量记下来，然后把所有的重量加在一起。
 the expenses add up to$100.
 支出合计为100美元。
 要点2　particular
 【例题】 —why did she spend so much time searching shop after shop only for a blouse?
 —oh, she was very ______about her clothes.
 a. special　　
 b. particular　
 c. especial　　
 d. unusual
 解析:句意是“她对衣服很挑剔”。a项“special”专门的；c项“especial”尤其；d项“unusual”不寻常。
 答案:b
归纳与迁移
 especially/particularly/specially的区别：
 （1）especially特别，格外
 there is one part of the country with an especially large indian population. that is the southwest.
 有一个区域的印第安人特别多，那就是（美国）西南部。
 （2）specially专门
 i came here specially to see you.
 我来这里是专门看你的。
 （3）particularly特别提及或强调，个别地或具体地
 everyone has a moment in history which belongs particularly to him.
 在历史上每个人都有特别属于他的那一刻。
 特别提示：especially和particularly强调程度，大多数情况可以互换。 但particularly有时强调个体。 
 specially强调目的。
 要点5　remind
 【例题】 (经典回放) i must_____ your promise. you should keep your word. 
 a. remind you for
 b. remind you of
 c. mind you of
 d. remind you with
 解析:remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事，这是常用短语。
 答案:b
归纳与迁移
  (1) remind sb. +that...提醒，警告（某人）
 i want to remind you that we’ve got a meeting next monday.
 我想提醒你我们下周一有会。
 (2) remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事
 remind me to write to mother.
 提醒我给妈妈写信。
 （3）remind sb. of sth.使记起，使想起
 the picture reminded me of my school days.
 这幅画让我想起了学生时代。
 重点短语
 要点1　call for
 【例题】 our teacher told us that problem much thought.
 a. took along
 b. called for
 c. called on
 d. needed of
 解析:句意是“老师告诉我们那个问题需要多思考”。a项“带着，带走”；b项“需要”；c项“拜访，号召”，如果去掉for,则d项也对。
 答案:b
归纳与迁移
 （1）call for　去接某人，需要
 that work calls for patience.
 那工作需要耐心。
 my driver will call for you at seven.
 我的司机七点钟会去接你。
 （2）call on sb. 拜访某人，号召某人12345
 we are called on to provide assistance to the homeless.
 社会号召我们为无家可归者提供帮助。
 (3)call at place拜访某地
 i will call at your home this evening.
 今晚我将登门拜访。
 （4）call off取消
 the meeting has been called off because of the hurricane.
 由于飓风，大会被取消了。
 要点2　agree with
 【例题】 —what do you think of the meal?
 —although some dishes don’t agree _______me,　it’s really a nice meal.
 a. on    b. with
 c. to     d. for
 解析:首先排除d项，因为没有此词组。后半句的意思是“尽管有些菜不合我的口味，但真的很好”。a项“agree on”在……达成一致；c项“agree to”同意计划。
 答案:b
归纳与迁移
 （1）agree to “同意”，后常跟表计划、安排、意见、条件的名词。
 do you agree to the arrangement?
 你同意这个安排吗？
 they agreed to our study plan at once.
 他们立刻同意了我们的学习计划。
 特别提示：to为介词
 （2）agree to do sth.“同意做某事”
 busy as he is,　he agrees to help us with our english.
 尽管他很忙，但他同意帮助我们学英语。
 (3)agree with“同意；适宜健康；适应”
 the climate here doesn’t agree with him.
 他不适应这里的气候。
 all the students agreed with the head teacher.
 所有的学生都和班主任意见一致。
 特别提示：表同意时后跟人或表意见、建议的名词。
 （4）agree on “就……达成一致”
 the two companies agreed on building a new car factory in china. 
 两个公司一致同意在中国建立一个汽车厂。
 要点3　in case
  【例题】 it may rain. you’d better take an umbrella_______. 
 a. in case
 b. however
 c. yet
 d. any more
 解析:根据句意“天可能要下雨，你最好带把伞以防万一”。可知b、c、d三项与句子意思不符合。
 答案:a
归纳与迁移
 （1）in case 以防；可能；倘若
 take a hat with you in case the sun is very hot.
 倘若太阳很厉害，你就把帽子戴上。
 （2）in this/that case在这种/那种情况下
 （3）in the case of就……来说；至于
 in the case of the forest programme, we will leave it for further discussion.
 至于森林计划，我们将留到今后进一步讨论。
 （4）in case of以防
 take an umbrella in case of rain.
 带把雨伞以防下雨。
 （5）in no case决不。如果此结构放在句首，主句需要用倒装结构。
 in no case should you be allowed to do such a foolish thing.
 在任何情况下你都不被允许做如此愚蠢的事。
 （6）in any case总之，无论如何12345
 in any case we should do what we can to help him.
 在任何情况下我们都要尽力帮他。
 必背句型
 要点1　make it possible for sb. to do. .it作形式宾语
 【例题】(XX全国，27 )i like______ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.
 a. this  b. that  c. it   d. one
 解析:本题考查代词的用法。根据句子结构空白处应为形式宾语，后面部分为真正的宾语。 答案:c
归纳与迁移
  “it”作形式主语和作形式宾语是其主要用法之一。其基本结构为：
 （1）it is+形容词+that + sb. +(should)do sth.（虚拟语气）
 能用于这个句型的形容词有 strange, wonderful, natural, good, proper, right, wrong, well, fortunate, important, necessary, useless, likely, probable, impossible等。有时可省去should而直接用动词原形。
 it is important that we should pay close attention to grain.
 我们应更加注重粮食工作的重要性。
 it is natural that he（should）say so.
 他这样说很自然。
　 （2）it is+形容词（+of/for sb. ）+to do sth.
 　通常用of的词有brave, clever, careful, hopeless, kind, good, naughty, nice, silly, stupid, foolish, wise等。
 it’s very kind of you to help me with my english.
 你太好了，帮助我学习英语。
 (3)作形式宾语
 基本结构为：“sb. +vt.+it+adj.+of(for) sb. to do sth.”
 i found it very interesting to study english.
 我发现学英语很有趣。
　　（4）sb. +vt.+it+adj.+that从句
 he made it clear that he was not interested in that subject.
 他清楚地表明他对这个主题不感兴趣。
 要点2  however much advice i gave him...however+形容词/副词
 【例题】______ ,i am ready to help her with her study.
 a. however busy i am
 b. how busy i am
 c. no matter busy i am
 d. no matter how i am busy
 解析:however+形容词=no matter how+形容词，意思是“无论……；不管……”，引导让步状语从句。
 答案:a
归纳与迁移
 whatever(或whenever...)和no matter what(或when...)二者都可引起让步状语从句，但前者有时还可引出主语从句和宾语从句等，后者都不行。
 whatever(=no matter what) you say, i won’t believe you.(状语从句)
 不管你说什么，我决不相信你的话。
 i’ll eat whatever(≠no matter what) you give　me.(宾语从句）
 你给我什么我就吃什么。
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