高二英语课本电子版_高二英语Unit7Livewithdisease知识精讲教案

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高二英语 unit 7 live with disease 知识精讲教案
一. 本周教学内容
unit 7  live with disease
二. 教学目标
1. master some difficult phrases and sentence patterns.
2. subjunctive mood
3. practise supporting and chanllenging an opinion
三. 教学重点与难点
subjunctive mood
四. 具体内容
background information
1. the seven deadly diseases:
number 1 is heart disease. one in two persons has this disease now.
number 2 is cancer. though there is a lot of research on dealing with cancer, there still be 80 percent of those with cancer will die.
number 3 is stoke, mainly referring to cardiovascular disease. a stroke is the same basic disease as heart disease. with a heart attack it is the blood vessles going to your heart muscles; with a stroke it is the blood vessels going to your brain.
number 4 is diabetes. it has increased about 50% in the last decade. it is very diet related.
number 5 is osteoporsis.
number 6 is arthritis.
number 7 is alzheimer’s disease.
2. aids
（1）what is aids?
aids stands for acquired immune deficiency syndrome. it results form infection with a virus called hiv, with stands for human immunodeficiency virus. this virus infects key cells in the human body which are part of the body’s immune system, which fights infections and various cancers. 
hiv is transmitted through blood and other body liquids and spreads through unprotected sex, infected blood transfusions and through birth. medical studies show that the aids virus can not be transmitted via the following routes: cups, glasses, toilet seats, swimming pool, mosquitoes, other insects.
there is no cure for aids now, but medical treatment can slow down the rate at which hiv weakens the immune system. few people survive five years from the time they are diagnosed with aids.
five people worldwide die of aids every minute of every day. hiv has hit every corner of the globe, infecting more than 42 million men, women and children, 5 million of them last year alone.
this disease is spreading fast in areas where there is a lack of proper health care, prevention and education.
（2）something about world aids day
if it is the only thing you do for world aids day, wear the red ribbon on 1st december. it is the international symbol of hiv and aids awareness. by wearing it, you are showing your support for over 42 million people across the world who are living with the disease. we must learn to treat them properly and make their life more difficult.
 
language points
1. infect  传染；感染；传播病菌于
be infected with 感染上12345678
we are often infected with flu in spring.
it’s dangerous to become infected with bird flu.
2. by doing 通过做某事（介词短语作方式状语）
she taught herself to play the violin by practising in her spare time.
fishermen make a living by fishing.
only by working hard will be able to win success.
3. get tested 接受检查
get married; get injured; get hurt; get drunk; get broken; get engaged to; get burnt; get wet; get sick; get angry; get excited; get caught in the rain; get lost; get wounded; get destroyed; get started; get cold; get old; get warm
4. need
（1）need 用于肯定句时，属行为动词，后接动词不定式做宾语。
（2）need 做情态动词时，多用于否定疑问句中。
（3）need / require / want doing 表示被动。
（4）need 做名词用。
some doctors were sent to the front where medical workers were ________.
a. in great need of
b. in great need
c. needed great
d. in need of
you will never ________ about him.
a. need worrying
b. need to worry
c. need to worried
d. needn’t worry
_______ for you have come so early.
a. it’s no need
b. there is no necessary
c. there is no need
d. it is not need
what ________is to make life easier for people with disabilities.
a. needs to do
b. need doing
c. needs do
d. needs to be done
  5. via
（1）by means of   by airmail = via airmail
（2）by way of
i’ll send a message to you via a friend.
they went to beijing via zhengzhou.
  6. have a knowledge of: understand
  a. baby has no knowledge of good and evil.
7. explain sth. to sb. ; explain to sb. sth.
please explain this problem to me.
please explain to me what this means.
8. persuade 劝说；说服； 使某人相信
persuade sb. to do sth. = persuade sb. into doing sth. 劝说某人做某事
persuade sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事
how can i persuade you of my sincerity?
persuade sb. into / out of doing sth.
can you persuade her out of her foolish plan?
try to persuade 劝而不服
i try to persuade him to adopt my idea, but the didn’t listen to me.
9. with : because of ; owing to
silent with shame
trembling with fear
shaking with cold
be absent with illness
10. break down
vt. 毁坏：a group of naughty children broke the window down.
分解：sugar and starch are broken down in the stomache.
vi. 出故障；坏了：the machine broke down while we were operating it.
   身体出毛病：his mind has broken down from overwork.
11. break a promise 违背诺言
break away from 放弃；背离
break into 破门而入
break off 中断
break up 拆散；解散
break through 突围；突破
    break a record
    break prison12345678
    break the law
12. manage
（1）manage + n.  经营；管理
manage a firm
manage a school
（2）manage to do 设法做成某事
（3）与can/ could/ be able 连用， 表示“对付；吃”
can you manage another slice of bread?.
13. be available for 可利用的；有用的
     there are three small boats available for hire.
     this service is available to all of us.
14. discourage
（1）使沮丧
don’t be discouraged at the news.
（2）打消….劝阻
her parents tried to discourage her from being her froming becoming a singer.
15. choose
（1）choose from 从….挑选
these samples are for you to choose from.
（2）choose sb. sth. 为某人挑选某物
he chose her a nice present.= he chose a nice present for her.
（3）choose sb. +（ as / for ）+n. 选某人作
we choose him as our monitor.
（4）choose to do sth. 宁愿/愿意做某事
kirby choose to stay at home rather than go fishing.
（5）choose that从句   决定…
he choose that we should change our plan.
（6）cannot choose but + do 只好
he cannot choose but give in.
16. die
die away 减弱
die down 渐平息
die off 先后死去
die out 绝种
die of 死于…
17. cheer sb. up 使某人充满欢喜、希望
your visit has cheered up the sick man.
18. not…until
jack didn’t understand why she was angry  with him until her mother told him everthing. 倒装句
not until her mother told him everything that jack understood why she was angry with him.
强调句
19. be free from 摆脱…., 没有…
the sentence is free from mistakes.
be free of
this booklet is free of charge.
20. appreciate
he appreciated your genius of frank. 欣赏
i appreciate your reasons for objecting to the proposal. 理解
i appreciate what you have done for me. 感激
i appreciate your calling on me. 感激
21. on the contrary  相反的
—you are nothing to do now, i suppose.
—on the contrary, i have piles of work.
22. take chance 利用机会；碰碰运气
we will take chance on the weather and have our party outside.
don’t take chance by driving too fast.
by chance 偶然的
on the chance of doing sth. 希望能够做某事；指望
【典型例题分析】
[例1 ] could people become infected _____ hiv by swimming in a pool or sitting in a bath?
a. with  b. of    c. into   d. to
[例2 ] runners for the olympic games have to _____ before and after the race.
a. get test    b. get testing   c. get tested  d. get to test
[例3 ] our football team will compete against the japanese team this evening. let’s go and _____ , shall we?
a. cheer them up      b. join them up12345678
c. add them up      d. pick them up
[例4 ] — i would like to book a room for tonight.
—sorry, sir, but we don’t have any rooms _____ at the moment.
   a. available  b. usable  c. suitable  d. comfortable
[例5 ] news reports say peace talks between the two countries ______ with no agreement reached.
a. have broken down   b. have broken out
c. have broken in    d. have broken up
[例6 ] generally it is _____ bad manners to blow your nose at _____ table or spit（吐痰）in ____ public places.
a. ∕; the ; the   b. the ; a ; ∕  c. ∕; ∕; ∕   d. the ; ∕; ∕
[例7 ] —the exam was easy , wasn’t it?
 —yes, but i don’t think _______ could pass it.
a. somebody    b. anybody     c. nobody     d. everybody
[例8 ] —would you please give me a hand and carry the bookcase upstairs?
 — ______________________.
a. with pleasure b. my pleasure    c. go ahead    d. it doesn’t matter
[例9 ] at present, the chinese government is ______ a great many experts who have mastered the rules of the w.t.o.
a. calling on    b. calling for     c. calling at      d. calling up
[例10] in britain today, women ______ 44% of the workforce, and nearly half the mothers with children are in paid work.
a. take up     b. make up     c. pick up     d. give up
[例11 ] it is said that in australia, there is more land than the government knows _______.
   a. how to do with it            b. what to do with
   c. what to do with it            d. how to do with
[例12 ] was it because it rained heavily last night _____ you didn’t come?
a. that        b. why         c. so        d. what
[例13 ] —you didn’t hear me until now?
       — no. i must ______ soundly（沉）when you came in.
   a. have slept     b. be sleeping    c. sleep   d. have been sleeping
[例14 ] —you’ve agreed to go. so why aren’t you getting ready right now?
        —but i _____ that you would like me to start at once.12345678
a. don’t realize                b. haven’t realized   
c. didn’t realize                d. hadn’t realized
[例15 ] the experiment turned out to be a complete failure, _______ wasn’t ______they wanted.
a. it ; what     b. as ; that    c. which ; what     d. that ; what
[例16 ] —when did you go to shanghai?
       —i remember ______ there when i was a boy of ten.
   a. to be taken     b. being taken   c. to take   d. having taken
[例17 ] robert is said ______ abroad, but i don’t know what country he studied in.
a. to have studied       b. to be studying
c.  to study            d. to have been studying
[例18 ] —i seldom watch tv, but i listen to the radio a lot.
       —_____________.
   a. so do i     b. neither do i     c. the same to me     d. so it is with me.
[例19 ]in china, all the students work hard at school _____ going to university for higher education in the future.
   a. in the habit of          b. in the hope of
   c. in search of            d. in honour of
[例20] —haven’t i told you that the computer wants _____?
  —sorry, i forgot _____ it fixed. i’ll send it for repairs right away.
a. repairing; to have    b. to repair; to have
c. repairing; having     d. to be repaired ; having

例题答案：
1—5 acaaa     6—10 cdabb     11—15 cadcc    16—20 badba

【模拟试题】
 （a）
the famous director of a big and expensive movie planned to film a beautiful sunset over the ocean（海洋）so that the audiences（or people who watch the film）could see his hero and heroine in front of it at the end of the film as they said goodbye to each other for ever. he sent his camera crew（摄制组）out one evening to film the sunset for him .
the next morning he said to the men, “ have you provided me with that sunset ? ”
“ no, sir.” the men answered.
the director was angry. “why not?” he asked.12345678
“ well, sir, ” one of the men answered. “ we’re on the east coast here, and the sun sets in the west. we can get you a sunrise over the sea if necessary, but not a sunset.”
“but i want a sunset!” the director shouted. “go to the airport, take the next flight to the west coast, and get one.”
but then a young secretary had an idea. “why don’t you photograph a sunrise,” she suggested, “and then play it backwards? then it’ll look like a sunset.”
the camera crew went out early the next morning and filmed a bright sunrise over the beach in the middle of a beautiful bay（海湾）. then at nine o’clock they took it to the director. “here it is, sir!” they said, and gave it to him. he was very pleased.
they all went into the studio. “all right,” the director explained. “ now our hero and heroine are going to say good-bye. run the film backwards so that we can see the ‘sunset behind them. ”
the “sunset ” began, but after a quarter of a minute, the director suddenly put his face in his hands and shouted to the camera crew to stop.
the birds in the film were flying backwards and the waves on the sea were going away from the beach（海滩）.
1. one evening, the director sent his camera crew out _____.
a. to watch a beautiful sunset        b. to find an actor and an actress
c. to film a scene on the sea          d. to meet the audience
2. why did the director want to send his crew to the west coast?
a. because he changed his mind about getting a sunset .
b. because he was angry with his crew.
c. because it was his secretary’s suggestion.
d. because he wanted to get a scene of sunset.
3. which of the following is not true?
a. the crew had to follow the secretary’s advice.
b. if you want to see a sunrise, the east coast is the place to go to.
c. the camera crew wasn’t able to film the scene the first day.
d. the director ordered his crew to stop filming the “sunset”.
4. the director wanted to film a sunset over the ocean because______.
a. it went well with the separation of the hero and the heroine
b. when they arrived at the beach it was already in the evening
c. it was more moving than a sunrise
d. the ocean looked more beautiful at sunset
5. after the “ sunset ” began, the director suddenly put his face in his hands ______.
a. because he was moved to tears.
b. as he saw everything in the film moving backwards.
c. as the sunrise did not look as beautiful as he had imagined
d. because he was disappointed with the performance of the hero and heroine12345678

（b）
                     “ you don’t say! ”
a year ago, i paid no attention to english idioms, though my
teacher emphasized（强调）the importance（重要性）again and again. but soon, the importance of english idioms was shown in an amusing experience（经历）.
    one day, i happened to meet an englishman on the road, and soon we began to talk. as i was talking about how i was studying english, the foreigner seemed to be astonished（or greatly surprised）. gently（轻轻）shaking his head and shrugging his shoulders（耸肩）, he said, “you
don’t say ! ”  “you don’t say!” i was puzzled. i thought, perhaps this is not an appropriate topic（适当的话题）. “ well, i’d better change the topic.”
so i said to him, “ well, shall we talk about the great wall? by the way, have
you ever been there? ” “ certainly, everyone back home will laugh at me if i leave china without seeing it. it was magnificent（or great and beautiful）. ”
he was deep in thought when i began to talk like a tourist guide. “ the great wall is one of the wonders in the world. we are very proud of it” soon i was interrupted（or stopped suddenly） again by his words : “ you don’t say! ”
i couldn’t help asking, “ why do you ask me not to talk about it ? ” “ well, i didn’t request （or ask in a polite way）you to do so,” he answered, greatly surprised.
i said, “ didn’t you say ‘you don’t say’? ” hearing this, the englishman laughed to tears. he began to explain, “ you don’t say’ actually means ‘really?’ it is an expression of surprise. perhaps you don’t pay attention to english idioms.” only then did i know i had made a fool of myself. since then i have been more careful with idiomatic expressions.
remember : what the english teachers said is always right to us students.
6. a year ago, i paid no attention to english idioms because _____    .
a. english idioms were not important
b. i was not careful with english idioms
c. my teacher didn’t emphasize the importance of them
d. i had no interest in them
7. at first, on hearing “you don’t say,” i thought the foreigner meant  ___    .
a. he was not interested in the topic
b. he was only interested in the great wall
c. i had talked too much
d. i had to stop talking
8. the underlined word in the first paragraph probably means  ____    .
a. interesting        b. important       c. terrible       d. unlucky12345678
9. which of the following is true according to the passage?
a. the englishman left china without seeing the great wall.
b. the englishman wanted to see the great wall after i talked about it.
c. the englishman wanted me to act as his guide.
d. the englishman visited the great wall and thought it worth visiting.
10. after the englishman explained the idiom,  ____   .
a. i thought the englishman had made me a fool
b. the englishman became a real fool
c. i felt very silly
d. i became more careful in everything

[参考答案]
1—5 cddab     6—10 baadc
 

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