高考英语13个语法考点虚拟语气_高考英语虚拟语气考点透视与练习

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虚拟语气是历年高考的选考考点。考点常集中在含蓄条件句以及宾语从句中的虚拟语气上。所设选项常通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示，而且都是结合具体语境来考查对考点的运用能力。今后高考对虚拟语气的命题重点仍会是在特定语境中考查虚拟语气中的含蓄虚拟条件句、宾语从句中的谓语动词等。常考点清单虚拟条件句主句例句与现在事实相反的假设

if+主语+动词的过去式（be动词用were）

主语+should/would/

could/might+动词 原形

if i had time, i would attend the meeting. if i were you, i should seize the opportunity to go abroad.与过去事实相反的假设

if+主语+had+过去分词

主语+should/would/

could/might+have+ 过去分词

if you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exams.与将来事实相反的假设

(1) if+主语+动词的过去式（be动词用were） (2)if+主语+were to+动词原形 (3)if+主语+should+动词原形

主语+should/would/ could/might+动词 原形

if you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting. if it were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off. if he should not come tomorrow, we should put off the meeting till next monday.考点一、条件句中虚拟语气的用法 注意:①从句省略 if, 用倒装句式"were, had, should+主语”were i in school again, i would work harder. had you been here earlier, you would have seen him. should there be a meeting tomorrow, i would come. ②用介词短语代替条件状语从句。without air, there would be no living things. i would not have succeeded but for your help. ③有时条件从句中的动作和结果从句中的动作发生的时间不一致，如：if he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now.考例1.____he had not hurt his leg; john would have won the race. (07全国)a if    b since   c though      d when答案: a2. but for your help, we ______the work so soon.（01上海）a won’t finish      b can’t finishc wouldn’t finish   d couldn’t have finished答案: d考点二、wish 引导的宾语从句中虚拟语气的用法wish其后的宾语从句有以下三种虚拟语气形式：  ①动词用过去式来说明与现在的事实相反(be动词常用were)。例如： i wish i were as strong as you．    i wish i remembered his address．    ②动词用过去完成式说明与过去的事实相反。例如： we wish we had paid more attention to our pronunciation．我们以前要是能更注意我们的发音就好了。 he wished he had stayed at home。③情态动词“would，could，might”等后接动词原形，表示对将来的希望(通常不用should)。例如：   i wish he would try again． we wish he could come．考例—can you come to attend our party tonight?1234
—sorry, but i do wish i ____.
a. had   b. can   c. will   d. could答案：d考点三、advise等引导的宾语从句 表示愿望、请求、建议等意义的动词，当它们作为谓语引导宾语从句时，从句谓语必须为“should+动词原形”的形式。这类动词有：ask, advise, command, demand, desire,  decide, intend,  order, prefer, request, require, recommend, suggest等。
he ordered that the letter (should) be mailed at once. 考例
his suggestion that you ____once more sounds reasonable.
a. try b. tried c. must try d. can try答案：a解析：分析句子意思可以知道，名词suggestion之后的从句为同位语从句，从句中应使用 "should+动词原形"。其中 should 可以省略。巩固练习

1. you are late. if you ___ a few minutes earlier, you ___ him. 

  a. came； would meet   b. had come； would have met 

c. come； will meet   d.  had come； would met

2.  ____ to the doctor right away, he might have been alive.

a. if he went   b. were he gone    c. should he have gone   d. had he gone

3. if you were older, i ____ you to go there yesterday.

a. will allow   b. should allow     c. would have allowed    d. had allowed

4. the secretary suggested that they ____ the men in at once.

a. had brought   b. should have brought    c. brought    d. bring

5. i wish i ____ able to tell him all about it last night.

a. was     b. were    c. had been    d. should be

6. if we ____ here ten minutes earlier, we ___ the bus.

a. arrived；would catch      b. arrived；would have caught

c. had arrived；had caught   d. had arrived；would have caught

7. if i ____ more time, i would have gone with him.

a. had    b. had had       c. have had        d. would have

8. he was very busy yesterday, otherwise he ____ to the meeting.

a. would come       b. came        c. would have come    d. had come

9. the jade emperor ordered that the monkey king _____ right away.

a. would be arrested b. must be arrested c. be arrested d. had to be arrested

10. jane"s uncle insisted ____ in this hotel any longer. 1234

a. not staying    b. not to stay   c. that he not stay   d. staying not

11. don"t touch the sleeping tiger. if he woke up, he _____ you.

a. would come to b. would come at c. would have come toward d. will come to

12. without electricity human life _____ quite different today.

a. is    b. will be       c. would have been    d. would be

13. how i wish i ____ to repair the watch!  i only made it worse.

a. had tried     b. hadn"t tried         c. have tried        d. didn"t try

14. he demanded that the laboratory report ___ immediately after the experiment was done.

a. was written      b. be written     c. must be written    d. would be written

15. the man insisted that he _____ there.

a. should send     b. would be sent    c. sent        d. be sent

16. ___ today, he would get there by friday.

a.  would he leave   b.  was he leaving c.  were he to leave d.  if he leaves

17. if it ___ tomorrow, what would we do?

a. rains          b. were to rain       c. would rain       d. rain

18. it is required that you ____ at six.

a. will arrive        b. arrive           c. arrived          d. would arrive

19.  james wishes he ___ the football game instead of the film.

  a. saw b.  see c.  had been seen d.  had seen

20.  i wish ___. 

  a. he left  b. he leaves me alone c. he be left  d. he would leave me alone

21.  if i had known that, i ___ so.

  a. wouldn’t do b.  wouldn’t have done c.  won’t do d.  have not done

22.  the doctor suggested that she ___. 

  a. will not smoke b.  not smoke c.  would not smoke d.  did not smoke

23.  if i ___ you, i wouldn’t return the call.

  a. be b.  am   c.  was d.  were

24.  if i ___ you, i ___ worry.

  a. were； wouldn’t b.was；wouldn’t   c. been；would have d. be； would 1234

25.  we ___ delighted if the report ___ true.

  a. were；were   b. shall be；were   c. should be； were   d. were； would be

26.  if he ___ here, he ___ you. 

  a. had been； would have helped   c. would have been；should have helped

  b. were；   had helped           d.  would have been； would had helped

27.  if i ___ so busy, i ___ the lecture that day.

  a. were not be； should attend b.  should not； should have attend

  c. was not； would attend       d.  had not been； would have attended

28.  if i ___ the way to new york, i ___.

  a. knew; would drive    b.  knew; will drive  

 c. knew; would have drive d.  had known; would drive

29.  but for the leadership of our party, we ___.

  a. shouldn’t succeed    b.  could not have succeed 

c. will not succeed    d.  should not have succeeded

30.  you ___ the train if you ___ a little earlier.

  a. could take; started       b.  could have taken; had started

  c. could take; had started   d.  could have taken; started

 

答案: 1-5 b dcdc

     6-10 dbccc

11-15 bdbbd

16-20 cbbdb21-25 bbdac   25-30adab b1234

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