[高考英语动词的时态和语态专练]高考英语动词的时态语法专题

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XX年《高考风向标》•英语
目     录
 
第一部分  教材梳理
必修一
unit 1  friendship
单元要点预览
语言要点
词语辨析
词性变化
重点单词
重点词组
重点句子
课文要点
课文词汇填空
课文大意概括
课文佳句背诵与仿写
单元自测

unit 2  english around the world
单元要点预览
语言要点
词语辨析
词性变化
重点单词
重点词组
重点句子
课文要点
课文词汇填空
课文大意概括
课文佳句背诵与仿写
单元自测

unit 3  travel journal
单元要点预览
语言要点
词语辨析
词性变化
重点单词
重点词组
重点句子
课文要点
课文词汇填空
课文大意概括
课文佳句背诵与仿写
单元自测

unit 4  earthquakes
单元要点预览
语言要点
词语辨析
词性变化
重点单词
重点词组
重点句子
课文要点
课文词汇填空
课文大意概括
课文佳句背诵与仿写
单元自测

unit 5  nelson mandela—a modern hero
单元要点预览
语言要点
词语辨析
词性变化
重点单词
重点词组
重点句子
课文要点
课文词汇填空
课文大意概括
课文佳句背诵与仿写
单元自测

必修二
unit 1  cultural relics
单元要点预览
语言要点
词语辨析
词性变化
重点单词
重点词组
重点句子
课文要点
课文词汇填空
课文大意概括
课文佳句背诵与仿写
单元自测

unit 2  the olympic games
单元要点预览
语言要点
词语辨析
词性变化
重点单词
重点词组
重点句子
课文要点
课文词汇填空
课文大意概括
课文佳句背诵与仿写
单元自测

unit 3  computers
单元要点预览
语言要点
词语辨析
词性变化
重点单词
重点词组
重点句子
课文要点
课文词汇填空
课文大意概括
课文佳句背诵与仿写
单元自测

unit 4  wildlife protection
单元要点预览
语言要点
词语辨析
词性变化
重点单词
重点词组
重点句子
课文要点
课文词汇填空
课文大意概括
课文佳句背诵与仿写
单元自测

unit 5  music
单元要点预览
语言要点
词语辨析
词性变化
重点单词
重点词组
重点句子
课文要点
课文词汇填空
课文大意概括
课文佳句背诵与仿写
单元自测

必修三
unit 1  festivals around the world
单元要点预览
语言要点
词语辨析
词性变化
重点单词
重点词组
重点句子
课文要点
课文词汇填空
课文大意概括
课文佳句背诵与仿写
单元自测

unit 2  healthy eating
单元要点预览
语言要点
词语辨析
词性变化
重点单词
重点词组
重点句子
课文要点
课文词汇填空
课文大意概括
课文佳句背诵与仿写
单元自测

unit 3  the million pound bank note
单元要点预览
语言要点
词语辨析
词性变化
重点单词
重点词组
重点句子
课文要点
课文词汇填空
课文大意概括
课文佳句背诵与仿写
单元自测

……

第二部分 语法专题
专题一 冠词
专题二 名词
专题三 代词
专题四 数词
专题五 形容词和副词
专题六 介词
专题七 情态动词
专题八 非谓语动词
专题九 动词和动词短语
专题十 动词的时态
专题十一 动词的语态
专题十二 句子种类
专题十三 名词性从句
专题十四 定语从句
专题十五 状语从句
专题十六 倒装句和省略句
专题十七 强调句
专题十八 虚拟语气
专题十九 主谓一致
专题二十 直接引语和间接引语

第三部分 高考题型讲练
听力
完形填空
语法填空
阅读理解
信息匹配
基础写作
读写任务

 12345
第二部分 语法专题

专题十  动词的时态
i、重点难点解析
    高考中通常是把时态和语境结合起来考查。题干中往往没有明确的时间状语，需要考生搜索出时间参照信息。英语有16种时态，中学阶段常用的是10种。

一 动词的基本形式一览表
形式 变化规则 构成方法 例词
原形   see, finish, teach
现在时第三人称单数形式 一般情况 加-s look→looks, write→writes
 以ch, sh, s, x结尾 加-es teach→teaches, finish→finishes
guess→guesses, mix→mixes
 以o结尾 加-es do→does, go→goes
 以 “辅音字母＋y”结尾 变y为i ，加-es try→tries, cry→cries
过去式过去分词规则变化 一般情况 加-ed stay→stayed, look→looked
 以不发音e结尾 直接加-d decide→decided, hope→hoped
 以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写这个辅音字母再加-ed stop→stopped, admit→admitted
 以 “辅音字母＋y”结尾 变y为i ，加-ed carry→carried, try→tried
现在分词 一般情况 加-ing go→going, read→reading
 以不发音e结尾 去e，再加-ing have→having, write→writing
 以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写这个辅音字母再加-ing cut→cutting, run→running
二 常用10种动词时态的构成及其常用时间状语一览表
时    态 构    成 常用时间状语
一般现在时 动词原形
（第三人称单数+s等） always, usually, often, sometimes, every…,etc.
一般过去时 动词过去式 yesterday, the day before yesterday, the other day, last…,…ago, etc.
一般将来时 will（shall）+动词原形 tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next…, in two days, etc.
 be going to+动词原形 
过去将来时 would+动词原形 多用于间接引语的宾语从句中
将来进行时 will（shall）+be+现在分词 at eight（this time）tomorrow, etc.
现在进行时 am（is, are）+现在分词 now, during these days, etc.
过去进行时 was（were）+现在分词 at eight（this time）yesterday, etc.
现在完成时 have（has）+过去分词 already, just, yet, since, for…, etc.
过去完成时 had+过去分词 by…,before, etc.
现在完成进行时 have（has）+been+现在分词 for…, since…, etc.

三 注意以下几种时态的区别
1. 一般过去时和现在完成时
1）一般过去时只表示过去发生的动作或状态，常和表过去的时间状语连用，即仅谈过去，不关现在。i wrote a letter this morning. (只说明写了一封信的事实)
2）现在完成时表示过去发生的动作或状态，但和现在有联系，可能刚结束，也可能继续下去。不能和表过去的时间状语连用，译成汉语时可加“已经”。
   i have written a letter this morning. (我已经写了一封信，有继续写第二封的可能，现在还是早上。)12345
2. 一般过去时和过去进行时
1）一般过去时侧重于说明发生某动作的事实。
   it rained heavily last night.昨晚雨下得很大。(强调下雨，并不强调持续时间)
2）过去进行时侧重于强调某动作的持续过程或表示动作在进行。
   it was raining cats and dogs last night昨晚整整一夜都在下倾盆大雨。(强调没停，一直持续)
3. 现在完成时和现在完成进行时
1) 现在完成时在含义上着重表示动作的结果。
   i have read that book. (已读完)
2）现在完成进行时着重表示动作一直在进行，即动作的延续性。
   i have been reading that book all the morning.( 还没读完)

ii、实战演练
用所给动词或根据中文提示填入动词的正确形式
1. 1)---remember the first time we ____________________ (meet)?
---of course. you _____________________ (study) in beijing university then.
 2) cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at sunshine school, where she   _________________________ (study) english for a year.
2. 1) the government __________________ (build) two factories in this region since the end of last year.
 2) the government ____________________(build) two factories in this region by the end of this year.
3. 1) it ___________ (be) ten years since we left school.
 2) it ____________ (be) two years before we leave school.
4. they _______________________ (work) on the program for almost one week before i joined them, and now we ____________________ (still work) on it as no good results have come out so far.
5. the pen i ____________ (think) i _____________ (lose) is on my desk, right under my nose.
6. if their marketing plans succeed, they _______________ (increase) their sales by 20 percent.
7. she said that it ___________ (be) the second time she _______________ (see) the film.
8. i don’t really work here. i _________________ (just help) out until the new secretary arrives.
9. look at the timetable. hurry up! flight 2039 _____________ (take) off at 18:40..
10. ---how are you today?
 ---oh, _________________ (not feel) as ill as i do now for a very long time.
11. 1) my good friend _______________ (come ) from guangdong.(是广东人)
2) my good friend _______________ (come ) from guangdong last week.(从广东来)
12. 1) where _____________ (be) you? (你在哪儿)
2) where ____________ you ____________? (be) (你去了哪)
3) where _____________ he ____________ (go)? (他去哪了)
13. 1) mr. john ______________ (teach) english in china for two years. (不在中国了)
2) mr. john ______________ (teach) english in china for two years. (也许仍在中国)12345
14. 1) i _____________________ (read) that book. (读过那本书了)
 2) i _____________________ (read) that book all the morning.（一直在读那本书）
15. 1) when i got there, he __________________ the work (做完那工作了)
 2) when i got there, he __________________ the work carefully (在认真地做工作)
 3) when i got there, he __________________ the work (才要做工作)
答案：1. met, were studying; has been studying 2. has built; will have built 3. is; will be  4.had been working; are still working  5. thought, had lost  6. will increase  7.was, had seen  8. am just helping 
9. takes  10. haven’t felt 11.comes; came  12. are; have been; has gone  13. taught; has taught 
14. have read; have been reading 15. had done; was doing; was about to do

语法填空
when he was a little boy, christopher cockerell once watched his mother turning the wheel of her sewing-machine with her hand.
“wouldn’t it work quickly if a machine  1   (turn) the wheel for you?” he asked.
“i suppose it would,” said his mother, without paying him any attention.
christopher  2   (know) she always had a lot of work, and he wanted to help. up in his bedroom there was a toy steam-engine which his father  3   (buy) him as a gift. “i  4   (make) better use of it,” little christopher said to himself. so, when his mother  5   (not use) her sewing-machine, he fixed the toy steam-engine onto it. when the job  6   (finish), he was quite pleased, thinking his mother  7   (like) it.
“very clever,” his mother said, when she saw it. then she sat down and went on turning the wheel by hand. “i  8   (work) like this for too many years,” she explained.
this taught christopher the lesson that anyone who  9   (try) to improve anything  10   (have) to learn: many people don’t like new ideas.

答案：1. turned  2. knew  3. had bought  4. will/shall make  5. was not using  6. was finished  7. would like  8. have been working  9. tries  10. has

三、完形填空
several years ago, a well-known writer and editor norman cousins became very ill. his body ached and he felt constantly tired. it was difficult for him to even __21__ around. his doctor told him that he would lose the ability to move and eventually die from the disease. he was told he had only a 1 in 500 chance of survival. 12345
despite the diagnosis (诊断), cousins was __22__ to overcome the disease and survive. he had always been interested in medicine and had read a book, which __23__ the idea of how body chemistry and health can be __24__ by emotional stress and negative attitudes. the book made cousins __25__ the possible benefit of positive attitudes and emotions. he thought, “is it possible that love, hope, faith, laughter, confidence, and the will to 1ive have positive treatment value?”
    he decided to __26__ positive emotions as a way to treat some of the symptoms of his disease. in addition to his traditional medical treatment, he tried to put himself in situations that would __27__ positive emotions. “laugh therapy” became part of his treatment. he __28__ time each day for watching comedy films, reading humorous books, and doing other activities that would draw out positive emotions. within eight days of starting his ‘‘laugh therapy” program his pain began to __29__ and he was able to sleep more easily. he was able to return to work in a few months’ time and actually __30__ complete recovery after a few years.
21. a. run     b. pass    c. move    d. travel
22. a. devoted   b. determined  c. planned    d. forced
23. a. discussed   b. explained   c. presented   d. demonstrated
24. a. killed      b. ruined   c. damaged   d. influenced
25. a. remind of   b. learn from  c. refer to   d. think about
26. a. concentrate on    b. pick up   c. absorb in   d. care about
27. a. make up   b. set about    c. put up   d. bring about
28. a. arranged   b. appointed   c. offered    d. afforded
29. a. escape   b. decrease   c. recover   d. end
30. a. received    b. sought    c. reached    d. recognized
答案：21---25 cbacd  26---30 adabc

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